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The Ngo Mon Gate, also known as the Meridian Gate, is closely linked to the Hue Imperial Citadel, and both locals and expatriates believe that studying this ancient citadel offers valuable insights into Hue’s culture and Vietnam’s history. Widely regarded as a masterpiece in many ways, the gate, along with the Truong Tien Bridge, the Flag Tower, and the Thien Mu Pagoda, is considered one of the most iconic landmarks of Hue City. It is also a key part of the Complex of Hue Monuments, which has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Location: Hue Imperial Citadel Complex, Phu Hau, Hue City, Thua Thien Hue
Opening hours: Everyday from 7:00 to 17:00

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I. History of Ngo Mon Gate

1. Construction

Ngo Mon Gate, the primary southern entrance to the Hue Citadel, is considered the symbol of the Imperial Wall and the feudal dynasty. It was constructed during the reign of King Minh Mang, the second emperor of the Nguyen Dynasty.

In 1833, alongside the renovation of the Nguyen Dynasty’s palace, King Minh Mang commissioned the construction of the Ngo Mon Gate, the main southern entrance to the Imperial City. Prior to this, several structures occupied the site, all of which were dismantled to make way for the new gate. During the Gia Long Era, the area featured Nam Khuyet Dai, a viewing platform, atop which stood Can Nguyen Palace, a place for sightseeing. On either side of this platform were two doors: Left Doan Mon and Right Doan Mon.

In 1968, following the Battle of Mau Than in Hue, Ngo Mon Gate was heavily damaged. It wasn’t until 1970 that the gate, along with several other affected structures, was repaired.

2. The name

According to Kinh Dịch, the King always sits facing south to govern the world. As a result, the entire Imperial Citadel was constructed based on the principle of “Toa can huong ton” (Northeast-Southwest) to reflect this alignment. The Imperial Wall has four gates, with Ngo Mon being the largest. The term “Ngo” in the gate’s name refers to the south, the direction it faces. Although some might confuse Ngo Mon with Noon Gate (since “Ngo” can also mean noon in Vietnamese-Chinese), it is more accurately translated as the Meridian Gate.

According to the compass, the south is associated with the “Ngo” direction on the “Ty-Ngo” (north-south) axis. Therefore, the name “Ngo Mon” refers to space and direction, rather than time. (In Vietnamese-Chinese, “Ngo” also means noon.)

Although Ngo Mon Gate was the main entrance, it was rarely used for its symbolic purpose. It was primarily reserved for the King and his entourage when entering or leaving the Citadel, as well as for welcoming important delegates.

3. Function

Functionally, Ngo Mon Gate serves not only as the entrance to the Imperial Wall but also as a ceremonial gateway leading to a key structure within the Citadel – the Ky Pedestal.

The Ngo Mon Gate has borne witness to significant events in Vietnamese history, including the Truyen Lo ceremony, where martyrs who earned the Doctor title were honored, the Ban Soc ceremony, during which the King distributed calendars, and various parades. However, the most momentous event to occur at Ngo Mon Gate was the abdication of King Bao Dai, the final monarch of Vietnam’s feudal dynasty, on August 30, 1945.

4. Meaning and Values

Having endured 180 years of time, nature, climate, and wars, the Ngo Mon Gate remains standing strong to this day, becoming a lasting symbol of Hue.

Dr. Phan Thanh Hai, the former Director of the Hue Monuments Conservation Center, remarked on the Ngo Mon Gate: “Amidst the shade of trees, flowers, and water, the Ngo Mon Gate in Hue evokes a sense of calm and tranquility. Perhaps this is why the image of this gate has naturally become a symbol of Hue.”

The Ngo Mon Gate embodies the enduring values of the aristocratic society. Transcending political and temporal influences, it has become a symbol of Hue, forever standing as a beautiful representation of the ancient capital.

II. Highlights of Ngo Mon Gate

Ngo Mon Gate, a gate constructed in the southern directions, has long been renowned for its massive scale and unique architecture. Ngo Mon is actually referred to as the location of the gate instead of midday or noon translated from some sources. Understanding its true meaning is of great importance as it serves as a hint about the position of Ngo Mon gate in the overall architecture of Dai Noi.

This is a very convenient location for visitors to appreciate the scenery of Hue Citadel because Ngo Mon Gate is the main gate to the Imperial City in Thua Thien Hue province. As a first-time tourist, I highly recommend you join a guided sightseeing tour of Hue Citadel to have a firm grasp of famous tourist attractions. As regards ones who have already visited here or adventurous tourists, it is worth trying exploring this citadel on their own for new experiences.

1. Architecture

The Ngo Mon Gate is a quintessential example of ancient architecture, representing the spirit of both Mount Ngu Binh and the Perfume River, which are central to the identity of Hue. Despite enduring more than 150 years of war and natural disasters, the gate has withstood the test of time due to its masterful construction techniques and architectural artistry. Its enduring significance and intangible cultural value remain as cherished as ever.

The Ngo Mon Gate is architecturally impressive and sophisticated. In fact, it is often compared to the Ngo Mon Gate at the Beijing Palace due to its resemblance, yet it distinctly showcases traditional Vietnamese architectural styles. Beyond its unique design, the gate also serves as a historical landmark, evoking memories of Vietnam’s long feudal past, as guided by the detailed explanations of its tour guides.

This building is located in a unique terrain. From the Ngu Phung Pavilion, visitors can enjoy a panoramic view of the entire Hue Citadel. The most striking feature is the Flag Tower, topped with a red flag adorned with a yellow star. This monumental structure is a significant historical landmark. On August 23, 1945, the flag of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was raised here for the first time, symbolizing the end of the monarchy. Further ahead, visitors can cross the Trung Dao Bridge over Thai Dich Lake to reach the Thai Hoa Palace and continue toward the Dai Trieu Nghi courtyard.

Ngo Mon Gate deservedly earns a place in the toplist of the best art works of Nguyen Dynasty in particular and of Vietnamese age-old architecture in general. Despite years of ups and downs, as a witness of many revolutionary historical changes, Ngo Mon Gate still retains unique architectural features of primitive times. It is not only a symbol of the ancient capital but also a representation of engineering construction techniques in the past. Ngo Mon Gate is a harmonious combination of domestic and foreign materials and old hands’ skills, which greatly contributed to a well-established architecture for many centuries. 

2. Structure

As regards its structure, Ngo Mon Gate comprises two main parts: the ground level – Dai and the upper level – Ngu Phung Pavillion. The former resembles a fortress made of brick and stone, whereas the latter has a much more elaborated structure. 

The Dai has a perpendicular U-shaped structure, of which the length and the width are 57.77 metres and 27.06 metres respectively. The ground level constructed of brick and stone, together with durable bars made of brass, is nearly 5 metres high, occupying an area of more than 1,560 square metres. This part serves as a firm foundation as it is very thick with an almost vertical slope, enabling the whole structure to maintain its shape over time. Be that as it may, this ground level still brings a stately feeling to its appreciators. 

The Dai has five entries in total, each of which is exclusive to a particular position in the dynasty. For instance, the central main entrance (Ngo Mon Gate) was, as far as I’m concerned, reserved for the King only, mandarins, soldiers followed by horses and elephants were allowed to use two small U-shape side entries, and the rest including commoners could only use two outermost entrances. The top of all five entrances looks like a big high arch strengthened by brass crossbars. Furthermore, the exterior is copper foil laminates to add an air of aesthetics to the appearance of Ngo Mon Gate.

Above the group level is Ngu Phung Pavilion – Five Phoenix Pavilion consisting of two floors, and the frame structure is entirely made of iron wood with even 100 pillars. The name has its origin from the elegant appearance of the pavilion – five phoenixes flocking together. 

There are 13 rooms with 5 roofs built in a row. What makes Ngu Phung Pavilion unique is that 5 roofs are divided into 2 lines, each of which is made of 2 roofs. The lower roof is connected, running along the ground level to serve as a shelter to cover the corridor. The upstairs roof is divided into 9 sets including the central roof set – Yellow-tiled roof and the remaining eight sets – Green-tiled roof. These all factors complement one another in the seemingly impeccable pride of Vietnamese architecture. 

I am certain that you will be impressed by Ngo Mon Gate due its architecture which is completely a far cry from the contemporary one. Don’t forget to bring a camera while visiting here because you may want to take some photos of the breathtaking scenery in Ngo Mon gate – a part of The Complex of Hue Monuments. During the opening hours, rarely do I drop by without seeing a crowd of people in front of this complex.

III. Facts and Tips

Ngo Mon Gate has been restored to its former glory, and the conservation center of the Complex of Hue Monuments will continue working on research into reliving meaningful past events to provide tourists with an excellent memorable trip.

Visiting Hue affords a great many opportunities of gaining hands-on experience about residents’ life and enjoy the hustle and bustle which is pretty typical of cities in Vietnam. You can drop by some vibrant and bustling local markets and if you feel interested and curious, I will highly recommend Dong Ba Market – a very popular one in Hue.

Hue Festival usually takes place around April to May every year, so this is the busiest and most crowded time of the year, for quite a few extremely attractive cultural and artistic activities are organized here. However, if you travel to Hue during this time, you should have a thorough plan, and it’s best to book in advance. One more thing to note is that prices will also increase much higher during tourist seasons.

To enter the Ngo Mon Gate, you will have to buy an entrance ticket outside the Imperial City. Each person is required to hold it in hand, enabling an easy control. As a visitor, you should dress politely, not wear underarms or short clothes, especially when visiting places of worship in the palace and sanctuary areas. Regulations state that filming and taking pictures in these places are also not allowed. In addition, do not carry explosives and flammable substances in any circumstances, and smoking is forbidden inside palaces or places of worship.

Hopefully, these fundamental and mandatory things give you an overall view about this tourist attraction. Let’s visit Ngo Mon Gate for a fun trip and the most enjoyable experience.

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Dalat is often referred to as the “City of a Thousand Flowers” by some, the “City of Love” by others, and the “City of Spring” by yet another group. Nestled in a mountainous region and surrounded by pine forests, it enjoys a mild climate, with temperatures averaging around 20 degrees Celsius throughout the year.

Due to its temperate climate, Dalat has become an agricultural center in Vietnam. While the southern region is known for producing much of the country’s rice, Dalat is a key supplier of fresh produce, including the famous, strong coffee found in cafes throughout the city.

Agricultural tourism is not a new concept in Vietnam, although it is rarely recognized as such. Every year, hundreds of thousands of visitors from across the globe flock to the Mekong Delta to witness its vast, lush rice paddies stretching endlessly between rivers and streams. Additionally, many more travel to the northern regions of Ha Giang and Sapa, where they explore the winding mountain roads, surrounded by terraced fields that, in autumn, transform into golden layers of ripened grain.

Agricultural tourism in Dalat stands apart due to the unique nature of farming in the region. Over the past decade, agriculture has undergone a transformation, with biotechnology replacing traditional, labor-intensive methods. Farmers now employ innovative systems to increase their productivity while reducing effort. This shift has led to fresher, more abundant food, and has made the region’s tourism scene even more captivating.

Ten years ago, honeymooners and families would visit to snap selfies in flower-filled fields or enjoy coffee at cafes with mountain views. Today, with the rise of “agritourism,” visitors are drawn specifically to Dalat to explore and learn about its high-tech farming, seeking both educational and recreational experiences.

Agritourism in Dalat offers visitors a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in culture, cuisine, and nature all at once. From picking fresh strawberries and sipping local tea to tasting coffee and planting hydroponic lettuce, the region provides a variety of unforgettable experiences.

Hydroponic Farming 

Hydroponic farming is arguably the most significant agricultural advancement in Dalat in recent decades. In this method, plants are grown in nutrient-rich water within horizontal rails rather than in soil, often within controlled greenhouse environments. This approach eliminates the need for many conventional fertilizers and pesticides, offering precise control over germination and harvesting—something traditional farming methods cannot achieve.

Since hydroponic plants don’t rely on soil, the possibilities for system design are endless. Hydroponic rails can be stacked vertically, and plants can be grown along walls or even suspended from the ceiling.

A significant portion of Vietnam’s fruits and vegetables now originate from Dalat’s hydroponic greenhouses, making it a must-visit destination to witness how this technology has completely revolutionized the country’s agricultural produce.

Hanging Strawberry Farms

Strawberries are among the most fascinating plants cultivated using hydroponic methods. Traditional strawberry farming often faces challenges with pests, leading to the use of chemical pesticides and intensive manual labor. In Dalat, however, strawberry farmers have started growing their crops upside down, with this innovative technique first introduced by Biofresh Company. Since then, it has gained popularity and been adopted by other farms in the region.

These suspended strawberry gardens have become a popular tourist attraction. The 3,000-square-meter greenhouse, teeming with vibrant pink and green strawberry plants, offers a stunning view. With less labor required for growing the strawberries, farmers can now shift their focus to the tourism industry and the creation of value-added products such as jams and preserves.

Many farms in Dalat offer educational tours, with some providing small baskets for visitors to pick their own ripe, juicy fruits. Tourists should not miss the chance to enjoy fresh strawberries, as they are unique to the region and do not grow well elsewhere in Vietnam.

In addition, Da Lat boasts a unique integrated farm that cultivates a variety of rare and valuable agricultural products, typically found only in colder regions. Located in the Van Thanh Flower Village, the farm grows strawberries, giant pumpkins, pepino melons, black tomatoes, and many other crops. As you descend through the valley, you’ll encounter fields of hydrangeas, daisies, roses, scarlet sage, anthuriums, carnations, and snapdragons. Further down, you’ll come across unusual fruits that thrive only in Da Lat’s cool and refreshing climate.

City of A Thousand Flowers

Flowers are a major export of Dalat and have been a key attraction for tourists for many years. The city is home to thousands of flower varieties, cultivated in numerous farms and gardens, with its climate supporting both Western and Eastern species.

Some farms, such as Thai Phien Flower Village, balance both tourism and production. Thai Phien cultivates nearly a thousand flower species across greenhouses and open fields, covering 230 hectares of vibrant color—just one of many farms with similar offerings.

Vibrant colors stretch endlessly in adjacent rows, with yellow sunflowers vying for attention alongside blue hydrangeas and vivid red roses in a single field. No words or photographs can truly capture the mesmerizing kaleidoscope of hues, which is even more striking beneath a vast, clear blue sky.

Centuries of Tea

Dalat’s greenhouses offer a more contained experience, while its tea plantations reveal a vast, open landscape. Much like the rice terraces of northern Vietnam, the tea fields here wind around hills, their rows of fragrant bushes creating a stunning, natural pattern. In contrast to the scientists working in high-tech greenhouses, the tea leaves are still harvested by hand, with indigenous women wearing wide-brimmed hats and colorful skirts adorned with unique ethnic patterns.

Several centuries ago, this land was used to produce tea for the French, with all of it being exported abroad. Today, the farms are owned by Vietnamese families who supply both the country and the world.

Stroll along the dirt paths of Cau Dat Tea Hill toward the nation’s oldest tea factory, established by the French in 1927. Begin your visit in the late afternoon, allowing the sun to bathe the leaves in a golden glow and paint the sky with vibrant hues. As the evening air cools, finish the tour with a steaming cup of tea and enjoy the golden hour as it blankets the lush landscape.

Vietnamese Coffee -Robusta and Arabica

Vietnam is the world’s second-largest coffee producer, with the majority of its coffee grown in the Central Highlands, including Dalat. While “Vietnamese coffee” is typically associated with Robusta beans – known for their strong, thick, and highly caffeinated flavor – the country also produces exceptional Arabica beans. These smoother, more refined beans have been steadily making their way into specialty cafes over the past decade. Grown exclusively in Dalat and the surrounding highlands, this region offers the ideal climate for cultivating these delicate beans.

Dalat is home to several coffee farms that cultivate both Robusta and Arabica beans, making it a great place to explore the coffee production process. A tour of these farms will take you through every stage of coffee creation. You’ll begin in the lush plantations, where you can observe how coffee cherries grow on the trees. While most people recognize coffee as dark brown and roasted, many are unaware that it originates from a fruit that starts out green and ripens to a vibrant red.

In many commercial plantations, coffee is harvested at various stages, with unripe green beans mixed in with fully ripe red ones for roasting. In contrast, artisanal coffee is handpicked at its peak, with each bean carefully selected to ensure it is free from defects.

Follow the process from start to finish, beginning with the removal of the beans from the fruit, followed by fermentation, drying, peeling, and ultimately roasting and brewing.

The last cup of coffee, sipped on a patio with a view of the plantation after a half-day of learning about its production, will undoubtedly taste entirely different. This is the charm of agrotourism in Dalat: every fruit becomes sweeter when you truly understand the effort behind its creation.

Come and experience Da Lat on your next trip, and create unforgettable memories of Vietnam by securing your Vietnam visa at https://vietnamvisapro.net/. As a trusted and reliable visa service, we are here to help turn your dream vacation into reality from the very first step.

Cuc Phuong National Park is definitely a perfect option for nature lovers, who are finding a short escape from Hanoi’s bustle and hustle for true wilderness. Known as the green lung of Northern Vietnam, Cuc Phuong National Park gets its fame as a large natural museum with rich ecosystem, conservation center of endangered species; as well as home to Muong ethnic minority with their unique culture.

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General information about Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park covers a broad area of 22,200 ha and is nestle among three provinces: Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa. It’s located 130km from southwest of Hanoi and 55km from northwest of Ninh Binh City.

Being the country’s largest and first national park, Cuc Phuong consists of dense forest of millennia-old trees, botanical gardens, a wide range of birds, mammals, reptiles and colorful butterflies along with two animal sanctuaries which are worth exploring.

The forests of the park also provide living sources for local communities. In earlier times, Cuc Phuong was home to the Muong minority people and to this day a few scattered villages around the park’s periphery. Locals take part in community-based ecotourism and provide homestay to attract tourists stay longer in the park, and create incentives to support conservation programs.

History of Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong has a long-lasting history with its title as the oldest national park in Vietnam. In 1960, it was turned into a forest reserve, and then defined as Cuc Phuong National Park by President Ho Chi Minh in 1962. Because Uncle Ho (friendly name of President Ho Chi Minh) aimed to remind Vietnamese people to protect natural environment as the core role in their present and future life. However, the connection between human-beings and Cuc Phuong begun long time ago. The remains of prehistoric men dating 7,000-12,000 years ago have been found in the numerous mountain caves in the park. In 1789, the Quen Voi section of the park was chosen as the major battle site in the civil war.

In 1987, 500 Muong households were relocated to the park’s periphery due to issues over land use and conservation programs.

Best time to visit Cuc Phuong National Park

Tropical monsoon defines the climate in Cuc Phuong National Park, with the average temperature at 24.7⁰C annually. It’s suitable for visitors to explore the park in almost time of the year, except rainy season from July to September. In rainy days, trekking trails are very slippery and some sites are closed to ensure the safety for tourists.

Bird-watchers can visit Cuc Phuong from February to April when they can see many kinds of rare birds like: pheasant, coriander, marble babbler, chopped white belly. Especially, many tourists come to this forest in late April – early May to hunt for stunning photos with thousands of colorful butterflies, which creates the most romantic scenery ever and visitors can feel being lost in the wonderland.

Things to do and see in Cuc Phuong National Park

Trekking & cycling in the primary forests

In Cuc Phuong National Park, there are various jungle trek routes with different levels from few hours to 2 – 3 day duration. Most trekking routes are accompanied by park guide and English speaking guide to ensure the best and most informative journey for tourists. Popular trails will lead visitors to several ancient trees, caves and Muong villages. Ngoc Son Nature Reserve and Pu Luong Nature Reserve can be accessed by longer trek period, with overnight camping sites available. The national park also has mountain bike rental service so cycling through the forest is really a fantastic experience.

During the trekking or cycling trip, tourists will be suggested to explore prehistoric caves in the jungle. The most highlighted caves are: Cave of Prehistoric Man (contains the vestiges of prehistoric man dated from 7,500 years ago), Mang Chieng Cave (a relic of Stone Age residents, containing many artifacts, animal & human remains) and Crescent Moon Cave.

Wildlife discovering and bird watching

Located on 2 limestone mountain ranges and characterized by rainforest all year round, Cuc Phuong possesses a wonderfully rich ecosystem, which draws attentions of many researchers, naturalists, enthusiasts and conservationists to come and do researches. The ancient forest consists of over 2234 vascular and non-vascular plants, 122 species of reptiles and amphibians, and 135 species of mammals, including the Clouded Leopard, Delacour’s Langur, Owston’s Civet and Asian Black Bear. There are also an incredible 336 documented bird species. The rocky outcrops of Cuc Phuong form the site of valuable pale ontological and anthropological vestiges, including a fossilized sea reptile dated at 200 – 230 million years old.

The park organizes wildlife night spotting and bird watching activities to help visitors approach closer to more elusive species in their natural living environment. Bird watching’s ideal time is in the early morning or in the late afternoon.

Don’t miss the chance to visit Cuc Phuong in late April – early May and get ready to be astonished by thousands of vibrant butterflies flying around you.

Visit conservation centers

* Visitor Centre: This centre is the first stop for the journey to discover Cuc Phuong National Park, as well as the place for tourists to complete all procedures before getting further in the park. In the visitor center, tourists will be educated about the natural environment through the pictures, documents and interpretations on display; raise awareness towards nature and environment.

* Cuc Phuong Botanical Garden: Founded in 1985, this is the first botanical garden within a national park and protected area system in Vietnam. Being one of the three Vietnam’s botanical gardens in the list of International Botanical Gardens, Cuc Phuong Botanical Garden preserves gene resources and rare plants, forming a semi-wild, protected enclosure for wildlife release programs. It’s really a wonderful experience to stroll in the garden and listen to Gibbons and birds singing early in the morning.

* Endangered Primate Rescue Center: Established in 1993 through a collaboration between Frankfurt Zoological Society and Cuc Phuong National Park, this center is home to around 180 primates representing 15 species, including the critically endangered Cat Ba Langur, Delacour’s Langur, and the Grey-Shanked Douc Langur. The center provides semi-wild conditions and help to prepare animals for release into the wild.

* Turtle Conservation Center: Fauna and Flora International established this center in 1998 and transferred the management to Cuc Phuong National Park from 2001. This center is considered as the flagship for protection and conservation programs of tortoise and freshwater turtles in Vietnam. It also helps to educate the public about the critical threat to the survival of turtles in Vietnam.

Community-based ecotourism

As mentioned above, Cuc Phuong was residential place of Muong minority people long time ago. In recent years, local authority encourages their people to take part in community-based tourism as the way to create more income for them, as well as bring more authentic travel experiences for tourists.

Besides camping, tourists can choose to stay overnight in traditional stilt houses, cook and eat with locals, try out bamboo rafting or kayaking in nearby stream or lake. These activities are created to help tourists understand more about the minorities of Vietnam. In addition, at night time, visitors will have chance to enjoy the traditional songs and dances performed by young Muong girls and boys who live around the national park.

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Yen Bai Province is located on the gateway to North-West Vietnam and still a new destination to foreigner tourists. This place is an agriculturally based province but has many potentials to develop tourism. In recent years, more and more adventure tourists and photographers have come there and taken photos to reveal Yen Bai with the stunning beauty of the rice terraces, breathtaking rugged mountains and the evergreen tea plantations. In addition, they are attracted by the diversity of local ethnic minorities whose life has remained unchanged for centuries, the fresh hill stations whose climate remains almost unchanged all year round.
Just be ready to plan the trip to Yen Bai, which can be both challenging and rewarding, and help you to gain more adventurous travel experiences in a lesser-known destination in North-West Vietnam.

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Weather and best time to visit

Yen Bai’s ecozone is defined as rainforest, subtropical and temperate mountainous zones. Generally, the province experiences a tropical monsoon climate. At elevations above 1500m, the mean temperature is about 20°C (68°F) and drops to 0°C (32°F) with frost and snow in some parts. November to the next March are winter months when the climate is dry. Frequent drizzle is experienced during late winter months; this type of rain has earned Yen Bai the epithet “drizzle centre of the country”. Dry season is suitable for adventure tours like mountain biking, trekking, motorcycling. Be sure to prepare lots of warm clothes because the temperature will be very cold, especially in the evenings.
April to October are summer months and the rainy period. The mean temperature is stable for the district as a whole and is in the range of 18°C (64°F) to 28°C (82°F).
For those who visit Yen Bai for photography purpose, don’t miss two best periods: May – June (pouring water season) and September – October (ripen rice terrace season) , when you can admire the wonders of the terraced paddy fields in the province.

Main tourist attractions in Yen Bai

Rice terraces in Mu Cang Chai

It can be said that Mu Cang Chai is the first and foremost reason for people coming to Yen Bai due to its stunning rice terraces and captivating mountains. The district is home to about 2,200 hectares of terraced rice fields, with 70% situated on three communes: La Pan Tan, Che Cu Nha, and De Su Phinh. From late September to early October, ripen rice terraces with bright yellow stretching from the top of mountains down to small streams create the magnificent scenery. Being ranked as national relic site in 2007 by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, rice terraces in Mu Cang Chai has been recognized as one of the unique landscapes of Vietnam.

Another period to view the spectacular scenes of these terraces is the pouring water season in May. When summer rains appear in this mountainous area, locals make use of water led from the top of mountains to fall into their terrace fields. This creates gigantic sparkling mirrors that reflects the blue sky and floating white clouds. During this season, tourists can see lots of old-traditional activities of local people doing farm work, such as: plowing to harrowing on the field with water buffalos, replanting rice, fertilizing their fields. You will be impressed by the beautiful smiles from hill tribal women wearing colorful traditional dresses and working in a group.

Khau Pha Pass

Khau Pha Pass is one of the four greatest passes in northwest Vietnam (O Quy Ho Pass in Laocai, Khau Pha Pass in Yen Bai, Pha Din Pass in Dien Bien, Ma Pi Leng Pass in Ha Giang). Located at an altitude of over 1,200 meters above sea level, the 30km Khau Pha Pass links Van Chan District and Mu Cang Chai District, stretching through many well-known places in Yen Bai Province, such as La Pan Tan, Mu Cang Chai, Tu Le, Che Cu Nha and Nam Co.
In the Thai minority language, “Khau Pha” means a horn-shaped mountain rising up to the high sky. The best time to view this pass is in September and October, when the terraced fields change into golden color and ready for harvest.
The slopes around Khau Pha Pass are chosen for paragliding festivals in May and September/October annually.

Muong Lo Valley

Located 80km from the west of Yen Bai City, Muong Lo Valley attracts tourists by its authentic culture charm and breathtaking natural landscapes. Fitting inside Nghia Lo and Van Chan District, Muong Lo Valley is the second largest valley in the northwest Vietnam and also the largest food production area in the western region of Yen Bai. This is a hug and flat valley, surrounded by the endless ranges of mountain ranges. Besides seeing the wild nature and beautiful scenery, coming to Muong Lo, tourists can discover the beautiful villages, experience the peaceful life of ethnic people, with the Black Thai takes the majority. Visitors can have chance to experience staying in stilt houses, learning to cook Thai food and engaging into Thai’s daily life while in Muong Lo.

Muong Lo Market is situated in the center of Nghia Lo Town and the commercial hub of Yen Bai’s western region. Formed a long time ago, this market has been used for the trading purposes of common goods, as well as the place of cultural integration of ethnic groups. Visiting the market, tourists can find from industrial to agricultural products, from commercial items to traditional handicrafts.

Suoi Giang

Suoi Giang in Van Chan District is around 20km from Nghia Lo Town and 80km from Yen Bai City. With the location on the height of 1,400m above sea level with cool climate all year round, Suoi Giang gets its fame for growing over hundred years old tea trees, which provide the famous Shan Tuyet tea. Local people call it as “medical tea” because they believe that it can help people to improve their health conditions.
Small villages and wooden houses of Thai and Hmong ethnic groups in the area create peaceful landscapes and suitable for authentic cultural exploration.

Thac Ba Lake

Thac Ba Lake is one of three largest man-made lakes in Vietnam. It was created by a huge hydro-electricity project in the 1960s that submerged vast areas of land. Covering an area of 23,400 ha, the lake is considered as another version of Halong Bay with 1,133 hill-islands, diverse ecological setting and varied vegetation cover. Thanks to blue and clear water, impressive cave systems formed by limestone mountain ranges and mild temperature, Thac Ba Lake has become one of the most appealing tourist site in Yen Bai. Coming there, tourists can relax on motorized boats along the lake, climb the nearby hills and mountains, explore the primitive forests. In addition, they can interact with nearby ethnic groups such as Tay, Nung, Dao, H’mong and enjoy local fish dishes, like bream, hemibagrus, snake-head and so on.

Ngoi Tu Cultural Village

With beautiful natural landscape and diversified ethnic culture, Yen Bai has many potential advantages to develop community-based tourism and Ngoi Tu Cultural Village is an outstanding example. From Huong Ly Port in Thac Ba Lake, tourists can access Ngoi Tu via motorized boat. Local authorities aimed to develop community-based tourism combining with ecotourism in this village because it’s endowed with a unique landscape and possesses the long-standing cultural values of local ethnic people.
Landscapes here includes rocky mountain, hill, lake, fall, river and stream. When in Ngoi Tu Village, tourists can take boat trip along Thac Ba Lake, take hiking trip to Cao Bien Mountain chain in the east of Thac Ba Lake and Elephant Mountain in the west side.

Moreover, visitors will have chance to learn more about daily life of ethnic minority people there. Ngoi Tu Village is home to Dao, Cao Lan, Nung ethnic people, mainly Dao people wearing white pants, with more than 130 houses. Interestingly, locals have well preserved traditional handicrafts (carving jewelry, embroidering, printing pattern on fabric with wax; making ban paper); culture events (fire jumping festival, wedding ceremony); folk songs; traditional cuisine (lam rice, roast meat, manioc wine, rice wine); folk games (stick pushing, walking on stilts); and traditional house architecture. The typical architecture there is three room house-on-stilt making from separately components and linking by bolts instead nails. There is only one stair with odd footsteps leading to the house’s entrance.

Pu Nhu Waterfall

Pu Nhu Waterfall is located in La Pan Tan Commune, about 10km from west of Mu Cang Chai District. On the journey to explore the leveling rice terrace fields in La Pan Tan, tourists are highly recommended to make a stop at Pu Nhu Waterfall. The water source here is originated from watersheds of Lao Cai and Son La. The 20m waterfall lies between two high cliffs of vertical mountains and divided into many steps. It can’t be seen from the main highway because it’s around 1.5km from the highway. The leading way to Pu Nhu Waterfall is very easy to access: just pass through a small stream and a corn field, you can enjoy the cool atmosphere of the waterfall. The highest temperature in this area is around 26°C, which makes it an ideal ecotourism spot for day trip travelers.

Ta Chi Nhu & Ta Xua Mountain Peaks

Ta Chi Nhu (2,979m above sea level) and Ta Xua (2,865m above sea level) in Tram Tau District are respectively the 6^th and 10^th highest mountain peaks in Vietnam. They are put in the wish list of adventurous travelers with great desires to conquer mountain tops and “hunt cloud”. The best time to plan your climbing journey to these peaks are in October/November and late March/early April, when the cool air makes clouds to gather around the mountain. You are not suggested to make the trip in December to early February when it’s freezing cold, as well as avoid raining season from May to August with extremely slippery and dangerous mountain paths.

Even not as high as Fansipan Mountain (the highest mount peak at 3,143m located in Lao Cai Province), Ta Chi Nhu and Ta Xua Mountain Tops are more difficult to conquer because paths to the peak are almost vertical, sometimes like walking on a ridge. Therefore, climbers must prepare very good physical conditions and practice training programs in advance. And to ensure a safe trip, they should contact local authorities and hire a qualified and experienced local guide and porter. It may take 2 – 3 days for the trip to these marvelous mountain peaks. In the middle of the journey, hikers will have overnight camping at the transient station. Along the way, they will immerse themselves in the vast fields of mountainous flowers, peaceful moments when seeing horse, goats and cows to leisurely enjoy grasses, as well as have a unique chance to watch the mesmerizing dawn and sunset among the clouds.
Local authorities in Tram Tau District make plan to provide training courses on safety in adventure tourism for a team of coaches, tour guides and technical staff in adventure resorts; build a warning and guidance system for visitors before and during the adventure tour; develop plans to ensure safety for visitors.

Tram Tau Hot Spring

After hard conquering journeys to great mountain peaks of Ta Chi Nhu or Ta Xua, it will be such a pleasing experience to soak into the hot mineral springs with picturesque background. These hot springs are only 2km from Tram Tau District, surrounded by pine forest hill and terraced fields. With the size of about 600sq.m, the stream is divided into several small lakes with an average temperature of 43-45 degrees C all year round. Coming there in winter days, bathers will not feel cold when they enjoy the hot baths in the springs. It looks like a fairytale scenery when the steam rising above the springs’ surface mingles with the early mist.
To provide more convenient stay for tourists, there is homestay next to the spring with two outdoor baths, 10 double rooms and one communal room, all of which can accommodate nearly 80 guests.

Local specialties.

Yen Bai’s culinary is quite diverse and plentiful with unique ingredients and simple but interesting cooking procedure. Below are savory foods that tourists should have a try when visiting Yen Bai.

Tu Le green sticky rice

Tu Le Commune (in Van Chan District, Yen Bai Province) has long been famous for its green glutinous rice. Looking down from Khau Pha Pass, more than 170 ha of rice paddies in Tu Le look like a giant basket in golden rice season. Thai people in Tu Le take meticulous care of their fields from planting to harvesting to ensure the value of fragrant and delicious sticky rice. In harvest season, rice plants produce big and white grains with extremely charming fragrance flying all over the village.
Tu Le green sticky rice is made of tender rice and after being cooked, it becomes soft, greasy and very sweet. In addition, it’s wrapped by green phrynium leaves which seems to enhance its green color, and emanate the flavor of rice milk.

Locals believe that Tu Le sticky rice is the gift from the heaven that can’t be found in other highland areas. However, the distinctive flavor of this rice results from the mild climate all year round. The large temperature gap between day and night in this land helps rice to store relatively high amount of energy. In addition, other natural elements like humus and minerals from Tu Le’s land, clear water from streams flowing through the area, contribute to make up the special flavors of Tu Le sticky rice.

Smoked buffalo meat

Smoked buffalo meat from northern highland of Yen Bai is the best thing to go with rice wine. It’s made by Black Thai ethnic people in Nghia Lo. They choose fresh and tender meat, cut them into 1 cm slices then mix them with salt, pepper, garlic, powdered red pepper and “mac ken” seed. “Mac ken” seed is picked from the forest by locals then being dried and roasted and used as the most important spice in cooking recipe of mountainous people. The slices of buffalo meat then are left to marinate for four hours and hang up by sticks. These sticks of meat are hang up inside a traditional wooden oven, left in fire and smoke for three days. During these time, local need to watch the fire carefully, otherwise it would burn meat slices up, or the slices would shrivel up. The smoked buffalo meat should be red on the inside and tough when being stretched. When eating, you will feel the spicy, chewy and sweet taste, and tingling sensation from cape yellowwood on your tongue.

Yen Bai smoked sausage

The main ingredients for this dish are chopped bacon, pepper, honey and sugar. In addition to the careful selection of ingredients, locals have their own technique to get this dish seasoned with distinctive flavor that can’t be found anywhere else. Firewood from the cinnamon tree are used to smoke sausage to get its best flavor. During the smoking period, chef have to pay attention to keep the fire not too big or too small. When finished, the sausages have dark red color, radiate a pleasant smoky scent, and get a special sweet fat taste.
In freezing weather of northwest mountainous area, it’s such a great moment to enjoy smoked sausage with corn wine and warm your body by the fire.

Muong Lo’s roasted “muom muom”

“Muom muom” is a kind of insect appearing with swarming herds in the rice fields in Muong Lo when harvest season comes. Locals will catch the large and fat “muom muom” and create their own kind of this dish. After being drained and washed, “muom muom” are braised with sour bamboo shoots on the stove to add more flavor and fat level. Other ingredients are added, such as salt, fish sauce, chilies, sliced lemon leaf. When cooking is finished, the dish has an eye-catching yellow color and irresistible flavor, which makes anyone want to enjoy it immediately.

Luc Yen banana cake

This special sweet cake is created by Tay ethnic people and made from ripe bananas. Peeled bananas are soaked in hot water, grounded and mixed with rice powder to coat and finally stuffed with sugar, pounded steamed mung bean and peanuts inside. After the cake is wrapped by banana leaves, it will be steamed for 25 – 30 minutes and has a distinct sweet flavor. Traditionally, the cake is usually served on full moon day or during local festivals.

Accommodations in Yen Bai.

Tourism in Yen Bai is still in developing period and it’s quite a new destination for foreigner tourists. Therefore, there are not many options for accommodation in the province, except in several popular places like Mu Cang Chai, Nghia Lo, Tu Le and Yen Bai City. However, tourists can expect decent lodges, guest houses and mid-range hotels, which are suitable for adventure travelers. Make sure to check your schedule and plan with our travel consultant in advance to avoid any disappointment.

Mu Cang Chai Ecolodge

Address: Hua Khat Village, Nam Khat, Mu Cang Chai District, Yen Bai Province.

This lodge is located on a high hill surrounded by green terraced fields, long winding roads and small forests. Wake up here in the morning with the cold weather and misty fog, guests will feel that they are living in a fairyland. The lodge consists of 7 beautiful valley view bungalows and one communal house on stilt. Its neo-renaissance style furniture is elegantly decorated with unique wooden floors and comfortable amenities. Mu Cang Chai Ecolodge also offers tour packages with local tour guides to explore surrounding natural beauties and local culture.

Tram Tau Hot Spring Homestay

Address: DT12 Zone 5, Tram Tau, Nghia Lo District, Yen Bai Province.

The homestay was built next to the famous hot spring in Tram Tau District. It consists of two outdoor baths, 10 double rooms and one communal room, all of which can accommodate nearly 80 guests. Homestay also serves local foods of the H’Mong and Thai ethnic groups like grilled meat, grilled fish, five-coloured sticky rice, dried meat and grilled bamboo shoots.
At weekends, guests can enjoy traditional performances by local ethic people such as Khèn dancing and try making local specialties like dày cake.

La Vie Vu Linh Ecolodge

Address: Ngoi Tu Village, Vu Linh, Yen Binh District, Yen Bai Province.

While in Thac Ba Lake, tourists can choose to stay overnight in La Vie Vu Linh Ecolodge. This project aims at developing community based tourism and implementing a responsible & sustainable tourism development.
This lodge consists of 2 traditional Dao stilt houses with capacity of 20 persons each. These houses were built with local and sustainable materials such as bamboo or precious wood. Besides 2 duplex studios for groups or families, the lodge also has lake 3 view rooms, 4 upper lake rooms with stunning view on the Thac Ba Lake.
Staying there, tourists can take day trip to visit Thac Ba Lake by traditional boat, trek into the jungles, visit local ethnic villages to learn about local crafts and take cooking class.

Dragonfly Nghia Lo Hotel

Address: Pu Lo Hill, Phu Trang Ward, Nghia Lo Town, Yen Bai Province.

Located in the center of Nghia Lo Town, Dragonfly Hotel is the first high-quality resort style in western Yen Bai area, brings an extremely new experience for visitors to visit the cradle of Thai Western culture. With a scale of 50 rooms, divided into 3 areas: Villa, Vip and Honeycomb area, this hotel can accommodate guests with short overnight stay in Nghia Lo, on their way to explore beautiful, terraced fields in surrounding areas. Dragonfly has the most beautiful & diverse space design at this time in Nghia Lo Town.

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Nestled in the heart of Vietnam’s capital, Hoan Kiem Lake in Hanoi is renowned for its serene beauty and rich cultural and historical significance.

Descriptive words like picturesque, magnificent, dreamy, and mysterious are often used to capture the lake’s charm. Its unique allure draws countless visitors every year, both from Vietnam and around the world. As a result, Hoan Kiem Lake consistently ranks as one of the top destinations for anyone exploring Hanoi.

If you’re planning a visit to Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi, Vietnam, read on to learn more about its history and discover what to do there.

Location: Hoan Kiem district, Hanoi
Area: 12 ha
Shore length: 1.75km
Length: 700m
Map to the Hoan Kiem Lake:https://maps.app.goo.gl/hdmbyQ359zEf8dKf6

History and Legend

Hoan Kiem Lake, also called “Sword Lake,” is a freshwater lake located in the heart of Hanoi. The legend behind the lake’s name is widely known among the Vietnamese people. From a young age, they learn the story in school, which features revered heroes, a giant turtle, and a magical sword.

According to legend, long ago, Le Loi was the King of Vietnam. One day, while visiting a friend, he came across a glowing bar that his friend had caught while fishing. The King requested the bar, took it home, and transformed it into a sword inscribed with the words “Thuan Thien” (meaning “Harmonious with Heaven”).

Believing it to be a divine weapon, he used the sword in battle against the invading Ming army and emerged victorious. Later, while boating on a lake, his peaceful journey was interrupted when a giant golden turtle emerged from the water, asking him to return the sword to the Dragon King. Without hesitation, the King returned the sword to the turtle. To honor this moment, he renamed the lake from its original name, Luc Thuy (meaning “Green Water”), to Hoan Kiem Lake (meaning “Lake of the Returned Sword”).

Hoan Kiem Lake is not only historically significant but also unique in its features. The color of the water changes depending on the sky’s reflection, ranging from green to shades of dark or light. The lake is also home to giant tortoises, and if you’re lucky, you might catch a glimpse of these magnificent creatures basking in the sun.

What to See around Hoan Kiem Lake

Hoan Kiem Lake is bustling with numerous activities throughout the day, making it lively and crowded, especially on weekends. Let’s dive into the local vibe and explore the must-see spots and best places to visit around the lake!

1. Ngoc Son Temple

Situated at the heart of the lake, the Ngoc Son Temple is visible from all sides of the water. Its name, “Temple of the Jade Mountain,” reflects its location.

Constructed in the 18th century on Jade Island, the temple honors Tran Hung Dao, a legendary war hero who led the defense against 300,000 Mongolian invaders in the 13th century. Inside the temple, visitors can see altars, historical artifacts, and a preserved 250 kg specimen of a giant turtle.

2. The Huc Bridge

The bridge is a stunning structure designed to link Ngoc Son Temple with the lake’s shore. Built from fine wood, it stands out with its vibrant red color.

The Huc Bridge is a renowned landmark in Hanoi, celebrated as a symbol of Buddhist architecture and often referred to as “the bridge where light is absorbed.” Visitors can appreciate its graceful beauty and intricate design at any time of day.

3. Turtle Tower

Turtle Tower is an iconic landmark located in the heart of Hoan Kiem Lake. Standing for nearly 150 years, it once served as a resting spot for the King while fishing and has now become a symbol of pride for the people of Hanoi.

During the French colonial period, the revolutionary flag of Vietnam was flown from the tower’s top, serving as a constant reminder to the Vietnamese to rise up and resist the invaders. Although it doesn’t follow a distinct Vietnamese architectural style, Turtle Tower represents the patriotism and unity of the Vietnamese people.

4. The Historic St. Joseph’s Cathedral

On the west side of the lake, St. Joseph’s Cathedral stands as a historic landmark, having been constructed in 1886. Over a century later, it remains one of the largest churches in Hanoi, serving as a place of worship for many local Vietnamese Catholics.

The church is open to the public, but visitors are asked to dress modestly and refrain from taking photos inside. After your visit, if time allows, consider relaxing at a nearby café to enjoy the view of the cathedral.

What to Do around Hoan Kiem Lake?

Hoan Kiem Lake, also known as Restored Sword Lake, serves as a central hub in the lives of both Hanoi locals and Vietnamese people. It offers a wide range of activities for residents and visitors alike.

At the lake, you might see people strolling with their dogs, chatting on benches, or exploring the nearby Walking Street. The possibilities are endless, with something always happening at Hoan Kiem Lake.

Here are a few suggestions for things to do around or near Hoan Kiem Lake:

1. Walking, Running and Biking

Walking (and even running) around Hoan Kiem Lake is a truly delightful experience. In the morning, seize the opportunity to watch the sunrise by arriving early at the lake. The peaceful atmosphere and the rhythm of life here will leave you in awe.

In the afternoon, return to enjoy the sunset, take in the scenic surroundings, listen to music, and savor some local delicacies.

Additionally, don’t miss the chance to explore Hanoi’s Walking Street, which operates every weekend from 7 p.m. on Friday to 12 p.m. on Sunday, covering the area around Hoan Kiem Lake and the historic Old Quarter. Locals and visitors alike, from children to seniors, often take part in outdoor activities, many wearing headphones and sunglasses.

For cycling enthusiasts, consider renting a bike to ride around the lake early in the morning and watch locals practicing Tai Chi.

2. Doing Exercise and Dancing

Hoan Kiem Lake is a perfect place to dance while taking in the refreshing air. You can also experience the vibrant atmosphere, accompanied by various types of music commonly used for exercise.

3. Watching Water Puppet Show in Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre

The one-hour show takes place at the Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre and features 17 short sketches using traditional puppets. The performances are accompanied by a Vietnamese orchestra, with musicians playing wooden bells, drums, bamboo flutes, cymbals, and horns to bring the stories to life.

The puppet show begins with a humorous prelude by Teu, a clown-like puppet with wild, spiky hair. As you watch the performance, you’ll be intrigued by the secret behind how the puppeteers manage to make the puppets move so smoothly, despite being hidden behind the screen. This theatre is a popular destination for both local Vietnamese and international visitors eager to experience this legendary form of traditional Vietnamese art.

How to Get to Hoan Kiem Lake

To get to Hoan Kiem Lake from Noi Bai Airport, you have several transportation options: shuttle bus, public bus, or taxi (Grab).

• Shuttle bus: It is recommended to take a shuttle bus and then continue by taxi or walk to your accommodation. The shuttle buses have more stops which can drop you off within walking distance. 
• Public bus: This is another choice for those who want to travel like a local and also save money. You can easily find the public bus on the right side of the terminal exit. And it will take you around 1 hour to get nearer to Hoan Kiem Lake. First, you need to catch bus number 17 and then change to Express 86 in Long Bien station.
• Taxi at the airport: If you go with a group, the best choice would be flagging a taxi at the airport. The taxi could drive you directly to your accommodation in Hanoi. And without any stops, you can save time for your trip. You should use Grab for booking online

 Situated in the heart of Hanoi, Hoan Kiem Lake offers a vivid glimpse into Vietnamese culture and the daily life of the locals. It is an essential destination for anyone visiting Hanoi. Come and experience it on your next trip, and create unforgettable memories of Vietnam by securing your Vietnam visa at https://vietnamvisapro.net/. As a trusted and reliable visa service, we are here to help turn your dream vacation into reality from the very first step.

Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark is one of the most famous attractions in Ha Giang Province. It features a vast area of limestone, spectacular mountain scenery, the richness and uniqueness of ethnic minorities’ culture.

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1. Brief Information

Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark was recognized as one of 77 geological parks in the world by the UNESCO’s Global Geoparks Network in 2010, and became Vietnam’s first geological park. Located about 1,400 – 1,600 meters above sea level, Dong Van Rock Plateau is formed by narrow valleys alternating with rocky mountain ranges in the north of Viet Nam. Up to 80% of Dong Van Rock Plateau is covered by limestone which contains the fossils of thousands of prehistoric species from 400-600 million years ago.

The park spreads over 4 districts of Meo Vac, Dong Van, Yen Minh and Quan Ba with the total area of 2,356 square kilometers. It is home to more than 250,000 people from 17 different ethnic minorities with diverse cultures and traditions. These ethnic minorities live on cultivating rice along the basins of the Nho Que River and corn on the rocky mountain slopes.

2. How to get there

Ha Giang City is often the starting point for every traveler who wishes to embrace Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark, as well as other popular highlights of the province such as Quan Ba Twin Mountains, Lung Cu Flagpole, Dong Van, Ma Pi Leng Pass, Meo Vac, Yen Minh and Hoang Su Phi… About 320km from Hanoi, you can reach there by motorbike, local bus or private car for your comfort with 6-7 hours driving. It is recommended to spend one night in Ha Giang City to continue your journey to Dong Van. Following National Highway 4C for more 150km, you will reach Dong Van Rock Plateau.

3. Best time to visit Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark

Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark has a temperate climate which is divided into two seasons: rainy season (May – October) and dry season (November – April). The annual average temperature is 21 – 23ºC. It may get up to 27 – 28ºC in July and August and may drop down to below 0ºC in January. Tourists can visit Dong Van all year round but it is best in blooming season. Buckwheat, a typical flower of the northern mountain area of Vietnam, is blossoming from October to November. You can witness its beauty everywhere, in hills, stepped-rice fields, or in around makeshift local houses. Between January and February is time for blooming peach and plum. The moss-roofed roofs could be added with crimson peach petals and pure white plum blossoms. The scenery brightens up by the colors of the flowers, creating a romantic picture of the mountainous area.

4. Sightseeing around Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark

4.1. The mansion of Vuong Family

The mansion of Vuong Family is an interesting tourist site, located in Sa Phin Commune, about 14km from the town of Dong Van District. The mansion’s structure is strongly influenced by traditional Chinese architecture with pine woods, terra cotta tiles and Chinese-writing decorations. The two-storeys mansion has 64 different rooms; all are decorated with carvings of dragons, phoenixes, and bats which are symbols of royalty and prosperity. Built from 1919 by the skillful craftsmen from Yunnan (China) and the best of the H’Mong builders, the mansion took 9 years to complete and costed 150,000 silver coins, an equivalent of 150 billion VND today. Vuong Family’s Palace echoes with the history of time past and deserves to be the pride of the H’mong ethnic people.

4.2. Dong Van Ancient Town

This must be very enjoyable and exciting when wandering in the old town to explore the culture, cuisine and traditions of the local people. Having existed for 100 years old, Dong Van ancient town features with the typical Chinese architecture with yin and yang symbols found in roofs and tiles with stone floors. There is a collection of 40 ancient houses being 100-300 years old. On every full-moon night, the street in ancient town is colorfully lightened with red lanterns of various sizes. It also serves food and has other cultural activities in those days.

4.3. Dong Van Fair Market

One of the must-do things in Dong Van is to visit the fair market that is held on every Sunday. Occupied at Dong Van ancient town, the market is a delightful highlight which turns the highland town vibrant and exciting from 5 AM to 10 AM. The ethnic people, including H’mong, Tay, Nung and Hoa ethnic minorities come here to attend the weekly market. This is not only place for locals buy and sell goods, but also a chance to socialize and meet each other. It is an entirely local affair full of color and friendly atmosphere. You will be definitely surprised with many strange things when visiting to one of many markets in Ha Giang.

4.4. Lung Cu Flag Tower

Around 25km north of Dong Van and just a few kilometers from the Chinese border, Lung Cu is a massive flag tower erected in 2010 to mark the northernmost point of Vietnam. It is modeled on the flag tower of Hanoi. The flag tower shows the affirmation of position and sovereignty of Vietnam as well as honor the patriotism and bravery of the people and soldiers in the border area. The flag on the tower has an area of 54 square meters, representing the unity of 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam. On the top of the flag tower, you can admire the majestic panoramic view of Dong Van District.

4.5. Sung La Valley

Sung La Valley, about 20km from Dong Van District, is famous for blooming flower gardens and attract a lot of tourists with the rustic beauty, the quiet small log home, the green corn fields and the lovely buckwheat flowers. Spring is considered as the most beautiful season of Sung La Valley when many flowers blossom making the whole natural setting of the normal karst plateau landscape become brilliantly colorful. It is a great place for photos.
There is a small village, named Lung Cam, in the center of Sung La Valley with 61 households living in 100-years-old wall houses. Here tourists have chance to experience local daily life, cuisine and traditional values. This place was also chosen as the backdrop for the famous 2006 movie “Pao’s Story”.

4.6. Ma Pi Leng Pass & Nho Que River

Located within Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark, Ma Pi Leng is considered as one of 4 most beautiful yet dangerous passes in Vietnam. It is about 20km long with the altitude of approximately 1500m above the sea level. The name “Ma Pi Leng” in H’mong language means “the bridge of a horse’s nose” that describes its shape. Conquering Ma Pi Leng Pass is unmissable experience in Ha Giang, which offers you astonishing landscapes of limestone mountains, green forest, blue sky, especially, Nho Que River, like a turquoise blue soft silk ribbon, at the foot of Ma Pi Leng Pass. All creates a romantic picturesque scenery. Tourists can also take a boat trip or go kayaking on Nho Que River to enjoy the scenery around.

4.7. Khau Vai Love Market – Meo Vac

Khau Vai Love Market is one of the most famous and unique markets in Ha Giang. It is organized once a year, on 26th and 27th of the third lunar month. Unlike other love markets, Khau Vai Market is a meeting place of ex-lovers. It attracts many locals from various hill tribes like Nung, Tay, San Chi, Lo Lo, Dzao and Giay. On that day, they put on their best traditional costumes and go to the market where they are free to meet their past partners to share the emotions. Husbands and wives arrive at the market together before they both look for their ex-lovers among the crowd. This meeting at the market is just a temporary moment and does not influence their daily lives and their relationship.
Located at Khau Vai Commune, Meo Vac District, the market is about 170km from Ha Giang City. Here tourists will have a great chance to enjoy some traditional games and exciting activities, explore Meo Vac night market and try some local specialties. Besides, ethnic costumes, jewelry and ethnic musical instruments are on display at the market and you can buy some as souvenirs.

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Although it is the most modern city in Vietnam, Saigon – Ho Chi Minh City still retains the ancient, quiet and surprisingly attractive. After more than 300 years of establishment and development, previous Saigon – present Ho Chi Minh City has become a busy commercial center. Through many ups and downs of history, the French immense influence after their colonization in Vietnam from 1884 to 1954 still obviously remains. You can easily see many existing ancient French architectural sites as a gentle silence in modern life of Ho Chi Minh City nowadays. These works have existed for less or over 100 years, becoming famous tourist attractions, appealing tourists to come to see and learn the history of development of the place once known as “Pearl of the Far East”. Here, Vietnam Travel introduces you the Top 12 French Colonial Architecture Sites in Ho Chi Minh City that you should visit whenever you plan a holiday to this must-travel city of the country.

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1. Notre Dame Cathedral

Add: No. 1 Cong Xa Paris Street, District 1, HCM City

Built between 1863 and 1880 by 100% French imported materials, the Notre Dame Cathedral is a superb example of French design which remains an important symbol of the city. Also known as Nha Tho Duc Ba in Vietnamese, it’s the largest church ever built in any of the French colonies.

Designed by architect J. Bourad, the style of Notre Dame Cathedral could be seen with a mix of Gothic and neo-Roman. The church’s brick-like appearance came from the structure which was made with locally quarried granite and then covered with red tiles from Marseilles.

Its two bell towers were 57.6 m high each and had 6 large copper bells. At the top of the tower, there is a crucifix with a height of 3.50m while its overall height from the ground to the top is 60.50m.

Currently, the cathedral was under renovation, and nobody was allowed inside. Only the front plaza was still accessible, where one can find a large statue of Mary added in the 1959.

2. Central Post Office

Add: No. 2 Cong Xa Paris Street, District 1, HCM City

Constructed between 1886 and 1891, the Central Post Office is a grand example of gothic and renaissance influenced architecture. It can be found adjacent to the Notre Dame Cathedral. Sometimes it is credited as the work of Alexandre Gustave Eiffel who are best-known for the world famous Eiffel Tower in Paris, however, it was actually designed by Alfred Foulhoux.

In terms of architecture, this bright yellow building with white trim has arched windows, wooden shutters, looping arches and marble floors reminiscent of the 19th century architectural style. A large clock prominently features at the entrance. Once walking inside, you’ll get to see domed ceilings and metal arches with two large hand painted maps showing old Saigon and the former south-eastern area of Indochina in the early 1900s.

Today it is still a fully functioning post office with helpful English speaking staff, a half of dozen international phone boxes and a range of quirky & reasonably priced souvenirs.

3. Saigon Opera House (Municipal Theatre)

Add: No. 7 Cong Truong Lam Son Street, District 1, HCM City

Designed by French architect Eugene Ferret, the Municipal Theatre, also referred to locally as the Opera House, is perhaps modern day Saigon’s most ornate buildings. It was built in 1898, and become a counterpart to Hanoi Opera House.

Its feature has a tree-lined boulevard leading up to the entrance reminiscent of European design. There are two seating levels inside that are capable of housing around 800 guests. It was firstly as an entertainment source for French colonists and the middle-class.

Today, Saigon Opera House continues to host performances, most popularly the AO Show that blends Vietnamese elements with the Cirque du Soleil, and only open to the public during such events.

4. People’s Committee Building (Saigon City Hall)

Add: 86 Le Thanh Tong Street, District 1, HCM City

Nestled nearby the newly renovated Nguyen Hue Boulevard, the People’s Committee building of Ho Chi Minh City, also referred to as Saigon City Hall, is a true beauty. Built between 1897- 1908 with the design by famous French architect Femand Gardes, the building was modelled after the City Hall building in Paris. It was formerly Hotel de Ville de Saïgon.

The building is symmetric, with the bell tower as the base line and the national flag on its top The left and right side of building have a carving statue of women holding swords while the middle one has a statue of a woman and child. On the walls, the bas-reliefs bring characteristic of French architecture. In front of the building’s small yard, there is a statue of the greater Ho Chi Minh that was constructed in 2015 to commemorate his 125th birthday. When the night falls, this entire building is lit up with LED lights, making it quite a spectacle.

Today, this building is still in use by the officials so remains guarded and off limits for tourists. However, unlike other government buildings in Vietnam, photos of the outside are still allowed.

5. Reunification Palace

Add: 135 Nam Ki Khoi Nghia Street, District 1, HCM City

Reunification Palace, also known as Independence Palace, is a well-preserved museum which offers a glimpse into the lifestyle of South Vietnam’s bureaucratic elite, while also providing plenty of historical info about the war.

According to the authority of Ho Chi Minh City and historians, the name Reunification is for the main meeting-hall inside Independence Palace which is its official name. For years, people have made mistakes between these names.

The palace was firstly built in 1868 by architect Achille-Antoine Hermitte with an area of 12 hectares, including a palace with an 80-meter-wide façade, a guest-chamber capable of accommodating 800 people, and spacious gardens covered by green trees and a lawn. Most of the building materials were imported from France. The construction was only completed by 1871 and named Norodom Palace after the king Norodom of Cambodia (1834–1904).

In 1954, Norodom Palace was handed over to Ngo Dinh Diem – the prime minister of the State of Vietnam. After defeated former Emperor Bao Dai in 1955, Diem declared himself president of the newly proclaimed Republic of Vietnam and renamed the building the Independence Palace.

Being bombed by two rebelled pilots of Diem’s Republic of Vietnam Air Force, the entire left wing of the Palace was destroyed and almost impossible to restore. Therefore, the new Palace was constructed and started in 1962 according to a design by Vietnamese architect – Ngo Viet Thu, but Diem could not stay for a single day before his demise in 1963. Nguyen Van Thieu – 2nd president became the new owner of the Palace for following 12 years, until 30 Apr 1975 when two tanks crashed into the main gate and the exit of the Palace, forcing Nguyen Van Thieu and all members of his Cabinet to surrender. This moment went down in history as one of the greatest and most memorable days of Vietnam, putting a full stop to the colonization of the Americans.

Today, it’s a well-preserved museum which offers a glimpse into the lifestyle of South Vietnam’s bureaucratic elite, while also providing plenty of historical info about the war.

6. Hotel Continental Saigon

Add: Corner of The Saigon Opera House, Cong Truong Lam Son Street &, Hai Ba Trung Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City.

Completed in 1886, the Hotel Continental Saigon is probably the most splendid of the hotels left by the French. During French – Indochina war, a number of celebrities and important writers regularly met here. One of them was Graham Greene, author of the novel “The Quiet American” and the hotel was prominently featured in this book. Located next to the Municipal Theatre, the hotel retains its original shape and charm and becomes the oldest one in the city.

7. Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts

Add: 97A Pho Duc Chinh Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City

Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts is one of the largest museums in Ho Chi Minh City.

The construction was built in 1929 and completed 5 years later in 1934. It was designed by Mr. Rivera, a French architect, featuring a harmonious combination of Asian and European architecture. At first, it was a villa for the Hua (Hui Bon Hoa) family – the wealthiest traders in South Vietnam by that time, and the museum moved there in 1987.

The owners of this construction changed through different periods of time, however, the architectural work still remains its antique appearance and embellishes the general development of Ho Chi Minh City.

8. Ben Thanh Market

Add: at the intersection of Le Loi, Ham Nghi, Tan Hung and Le Lai Streets, District 1, HCM City

Ben Thanh Market is definitely one of the city’s icons. The market has a history dating back to the early 17th century, with its original as a meeting place for small businesses selling goods on the street near the Ben Thanh River (now it is Saigon River). In 1870, the French colonial government officially named the area Les Halles Centrales (or Central Market). Later in 1912, the market was moved into a new building and renamed as today Ben Thanh Market.

Designed by architects Brossard and Mopin, this Art Deco-style market is surmounted by a vast dome of 28m in diameter, and the main entrance stands out thanks to its large belfry. Its four main doors are giving all-side access to its 10,000 visitors daily. With a space of over 13,000 m², the market houses some 1,500 sellers of textiles, shoes, crafts, food and much more.

Ben Thanh Market is not only interesting in day time, but at night, it can be described as the miniature Saigon, where tourists can fully experience the local life and food culture.

From 6.00pm, two streets at the West and the East gates of Ben Thanh Market are closed for transportation. The night vendors set up their tents and display selling items in the most attractive way to get as much attention from tourists as possible. It is worth for a must-visit.

9. Hotel Majestic Saigon

Add: 1 Dong Khoi Street, District 1, HCM City

Another building by Hui Bon Hoa, the Chinese-born businessman and also designed by the same French architect – Mr. Rivera, are the Hotel Majestic Saigon overlooking the banks of the Saigon River. Built in 1925, undergoing various extensions, the hotel turned into six-storey 5 star masterpiece and as one of the oldest hotels in the city. It also was in one of the river view rooms that Graham Greene wrote his classic novel “The Quiet American”.

The most unique feature of the building is the large arched roof that comes out from the hotel and over the sidewalk. Its gold adornments and individual balconies can be thought as a classic European hotel. Its large arched windows on the ground floor allow a good view (both inside and outside) of the grand lobby and dining area. The roof top bar here is a wonderful flashback to days gone by. Certainly, you can book a room to stay at Hotel Majestic and learn more about this historic French Architecture site!

10. Dragon Wharf – Ho Chi Minh Museum

Add: 1 Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, District 4, HCM City

Built between 1862 and 1863 on the Saigon River, the Dragon Wharf was the first commercial port of the city meeting the demand of transportation between the colonized Vietnam and the world.

Its unique architecture combines Vietnamese and French style which is well reflected by the design of a French-style main building. It features 2 Vietnamese dragon-shaped statues on its roof. This detail can be often seen in the architecture of Vietnam’s traditional temples and pagodas, and the wharf name was said to come from this decoration.

From here, on 5 June 1911, Ho Chi Minh (at the time named Nguyen Tat Thanh) at his age of 21 departed on the French ship – Admiral Latouche Treville for a 30-year journey around the world.
For this reason, the place was reconverted in 1979 into a museum housing a rich collection of 3,000 pictures and 700 artifacts relating to President Ho Chi Minh, including his personal belongings and journals as well as many scripts and publications documenting his wondrous life.

11. Tan Dinh Church

Add: 289 Hai Ba Trung Street, District 3, HCM City

Nestled next to the Tan Dinh market in District 3, Tan Dinh Church is the 2nd largest church in the city, after Notre Dame Cathedral and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ho Chi Minh City. It is known for the mix of Gothic and Renaissance elements. Over 60m high, the church has two bell towers and three beautifully carved Italian marble altars donated in 1929.

In 1976, it underwent the renovations on its 100th anniversary. Its eye-catching pink colour becomes prominent point to attract visitors to come and visit.

12. Phuong Nam Mansion

Add: 110-112 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City

Also located in District 3, Phuong Nam Mansion, a site of 2,800m², is less known of a privately owned colonial building (by Minerva JSC. now). The mansion has often been described as one of Saigon’s most magnificent heritage buildings. Facing 3 of the most crowded streets in the downtown area, Phuong Nam is expensive not only for the luxurious French style at the valued price of nearly US$ 35million, but also its golden location.

Built between 1924-1927 by a wealthy Vietnamese gem dealer, this residence possesses a French style with a touch of local Eastern flavor outside while the interior is furnished with luxurious antiques. The house consists of two floors with dozens of large windows to enjoy the view of the city center.

Visitors can look around the outside of Phuong Nam for a small charge. For the inside, it is still a bit of a mystery because entry is not allowed.

Hopefully, this article will be helpful for those who love French colonial architecture style in Ho Chi Minh City.

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As December approaches and the holiday season draws near, it’s the perfect time to begin planning your Christmas escape. Booking your flights, accommodations, and unique activities in advance will help you maximize both your time and your budget.

Time Out highlights Asia as a top destination for travelers seeking an unforgettable Christmas abroad. This diverse region offers a harmonious mix of nature, vibrant culture, rich history, delicious cuisine, and a wide range of outdoor activities, making it an ideal choice for holiday adventures.

Ranked second on the list, Vietnam stands out for its breathtaking landscapes, fascinating history, and vibrant culture. With its exotic charm and natural beauty, the country promises endless memorable experiences. From the lively streets of Hanoi to the serene waters of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam is a treasure trove of stunning sights and adventures.

   Street vendors in Vietnam begin selling a variety of Christmas items starting in mid-October.

To fully experience the festive spirit of Christmas in Vietnam, immerse yourself in the vibrant atmospheres of its two largest cities: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. In Hanoi, visit the Old Quarter on Christmas Eve, where the streets come alive with stunning decorations, the sound of live music fills the air, and locals warmly celebrate the holiday. The sense of community and joy is unmistakable, making it a memorable experience for any traveler.

            Foreign visitors celebrate Christmas Eve at St. Joseph’s Cathedral in Hanoi.

If you’re craving a sunny getaway, Vietnam’s tropical climate offers the perfect escape during the winter months. The southern beaches are ideal for soaking up the sun, with Phu Quoc Island being a top destination for those seeking a blissful beach retreat. Immerse yourself in the soft sands, crystal-clear waters, and lively marine life, while enjoying a relaxing vacation filled with beachside fun, fresh seafood, and breathtaking sunset views—everything you need to truly unwind.

                                 Christmas Activities on Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam

Vietnam, with its perfect mix of adventure, culture, and stunning natural beauty, provides a captivating getaway that will stay with you long after you leave. Along with Vietnam, the list also includes Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Myanmar. Plan your trip to Vietnam now and experience a memorable Christmas Eve by securing your Vietnam visa at https://vietnamvisapro.net/. As a trusted and reliable visa service, we are here to help turn your dream vacation into reality from the very first step.

Hoi An, an ancient town in Quang Nam province, is renowned for its traditional handicrafts, with lantern making being the most prominent. As you stroll through the town, you’ll find vibrant lanterns adorning every street, creating a breathtaking and unforgettable atmosphere. For those fascinated by lanterns and eager to learn more about this cherished tradition, the Hoi An Lantern Festival—held monthly on the 14th day of the lunar calendar—offers the perfect opportunity to immerse yourself in the town’s unique cultural heritage.

I. History of Hoi An Festival

As you may know, the full moon holds special significance in Vietnamese traditions. In the 16th and 17th centuries, Hoi An was a bustling trade port, attracting merchants from all over the world. Among them were Japanese traders, who often hung colorful lanterns in front of their homes. Over time, the local people adopted this practice, creating their own lanterns to hang as a symbol of good luck.

This tradition has endured through the centuries. In 1998, local authorities in Hoi An formalized the practice by organizing monthly lantern festivals during the full moon. Today, the festival has become a popular event, drawing both Vietnamese and international tourists to the town to celebrate.

II. Highlights of Hoi An Lantern Festival

As the name suggests, lanterns take center stage during the festival. Colorful lanterns, each with a candle inside, are placed on the river as a way of praying for good health, peace, and fortune. During this time, the city minimizes electricity usage, allowing the lanterns to light up the ancient town of Hoi An, creating a stunning and serene atmosphere unlike anywhere else in Vietnam.

With vehicles and bicycles banned from the area, visitors can stroll freely through the streets, fully immersed in the festive spirit. Along the riverbanks, you’ll have the chance to enjoy traditional performances, including bamboo flute music, fiddles, poetry readings, and even participate in the local game of Bai Choi.

The river is also lined with food stalls, offering a perfect opportunity to sample delicious local dishes and try tasty mooncakes. For those interested in local religious practices, visiting the shrines is a chance to see locals making offerings of food, flowers, and candles to the gods.

III. What to See and Do at Hoi An Lantern Festival?

1. Dropping Lanterns from a Boat

Releasing lanterns from the shore is a popular activity among tourists, but the experience is even more magical when done from a boat. Simply head to Bach Dang Wharf, where you’ll find boatmen ready to take you on a river journey to release your lanterns. Along the way, they’ll share captivating stories about this historic town, making the experience even more unforgettable.

2. Watch Bai Choi Performance

Bai Choi is a vibrant folk game from this region of Vietnam that blends music, acting, painting, poetry, and literature. Originating from local peasants long ago, the game features a unique set of rules that combine folk singing with card drawing. The songs performed in Bai Choi reflect the lives and work of farmers, while also expressing their patriotism and the strong sense of community. If you visit the festival, be sure to join in or watch this captivating folk game to fully experience the lively and spirited atmosphere.

3. Visiting a Temple

The full moon is a time when pagodas and temples in Hoi An are especially busy, as locals gather to honor their ancestors, offering incense, flowers, and fruits. These temples are easily recognizable, with a distinctive style that reflects strong Chinese architectural influences. For VND 120,000, you can purchase a single ticket that grants access to all the temples, historic houses, and museums in the ancient town. During the Lantern Festival, Quan Cong Pagoda is the most popular temple to visit, where many local visitors come to pray for good fortune and happiness.

4. Take Photos of Lantern View

The festival offers plenty of opportunities for great photos, so be sure to bring a good camera to capture the unforgettable moments. The Hoai River, illuminated by lanterns, is a particularly scenic spot for photography. Additionally, other iconic locations like the Japanese Covered Bridge, the Old House of Tan Ky, the Fujian Assembly Hall, and the Cantonese Assembly Hall provide stunning backdrops, all glowing under the vibrant, multi-colored lanterns.

IV. Tips on Visiting the Festival

The largest Hoi An Lantern Festival takes place on the first full moon of the Lunar New Year, making it the perfect time to experience the event at its most vibrant. As this is a highly anticipated celebration, both locals and tourists flock to the riverbanks, so it’s advisable to arrive early to secure a good viewing spot.

For the best night photos, be sure to bring quality camera equipment. Just remember to keep your gear and personal belongings close to you, and take care not to let anything fall into the water. Since vehicles are restricted, it’s a good idea to wear comfortable, durable shoes as you may need to walk a fair distance.

Lastly, don’t miss the chance to buy a beautiful handmade lantern, which can be purchased for around $0.50.

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