Tag: Vietnam travel

Ninh Binh is a beautiful and diverse destination in northern Vietnam, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land” because of its dramatic limestone karsts and stunning scenery.

Ninh Binh is just a 2-hour drive from Hanoi, making it convenient for a day trip. However, a 2-day trip is recommended to fully enjoy the region’s natural and cultural offerings.

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These activities ensure that whether you’re interested in history, nature, or simply soaking in the local culture, Ninh Binh will be an unforgettable part of your Vietnam trip.

Here’s a list of top things to do in Ninh Binh:

1. Visit Hoa Lu Ancient Capital

Hoa Lu, as the ancient capital of Vietnam, carries significant historical and cultural importance, especially from the time of the Dinh and Le dynasties. Its role in shaping Vietnamese history is echoed throughout its landscapes, ancient temples, and historical relics. Surrounded by dramatic limestone mountains and serene lakes, Hoa Lu’s atmosphere is a blend of tranquility and mystery, making it a remarkable destination for those interested in Vietnam’s deep cultural roots.

Hoa Lu was the political, economic, and military center of Vietnam in the 10th and 11th centuries. It was established by Dinh Tien Hoang, the first emperor of the Dinh Dynasty, and later continued by Le Dai Hanh of the Le Dynasty. Both kings played crucial roles in defending the fledgling Vietnamese state from Chinese invasions. Many temples within Hoa Lu are dedicated to Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. These temples, built on the foundations of ancient palaces, are ornate, showcasing traditional Vietnamese architecture with intricate wooden carvings and designs. Truong Yen Festival: Held on the 10th day of the third lunar month, this festival commemorates the great kings Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh. As the largest festival in the region, it draws crowds from across Vietnam. The festival is filled with traditional games, processions, and cultural performances, making it a vibrant experience for visitors who wish to engage with local culture.

In 1010, under King Ly Thai To, the capital was moved to Thang Long (modern-day Hanoi) to expand the kingdom and take advantage of the strategic and geographical position near the Red River.

This area is also home to ancient pagodas, peaceful lakes, and scenic surroundings that enhance the spiritual atmosphere of Hoa Lu. The arc-shaped limestone mountains enveloping the area provide a majestic backdrop, giving the capital a sense of grandeur and protection, similar to its role in ancient times.

Hoa Lu is one of the four key components of the Trang An Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its ancient relics and connection to Vietnam’s historical dynasties contribute to the complex’s outstanding cultural and historical value.

Location: Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 17:00 every day.
Visiting time: About 1 hour.

2. Visit Cuc Phuong National Park

Cuc Phuong National Park is Vietnam’s oldest and largest nature reserve, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers, outdoor enthusiasts, and wildlife observers. Nestled in the lush mountains of Ninh Binh, it boasts a rich ecosystem, with diverse flora and fauna, including endangered species and ancient trees. Here’s a guide to help you make the most of your visit to this natural wonder.

The best time to visit Cuc Phuong is during the dry season from December to May, when the weather is cooler, and the trails are not too muddy. Avoid the rainy season (from June to November) due to slippery roads and the presence of mosquitoes and leeches, which can make hiking uncomfortable. For a truly unique experience, visit during April or May to witness the magical butterfly season, when millions of butterflies fill the sky.

Cuc Phuong National Park is not just a place to observe nature but a haven for conservation and learning about Vietnam’s incredible biodiversity. Whether you’re hiking through lush trails, visiting animal rescue centers, or exploring the park’s cultural history, Cuc Phuong is sure to leave you with unforgettable memories of Vietnam’s natural beauty.

Location: Nho Quan district, 45km from Ninh Binh city to the northwest.
Entrance fee: 60,000 VND/ person.
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.
Visiting time: 4-6 hours.

3. Take the leg rowing sampan along Ngo Dong River

Tam Coc, meaning “Three Caves,” including: First Cave (Hang Ca), Middle Cave (Hang Giua), Last Cave (Hang Cuoi) is one of the most iconic and beautiful destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “Halong Bay on land.” It is famous for its dramatic landscapes, tranquil river, and serene rice paddies.

One of the highlights of visiting Tam Coc is the sampan boat ride. Local rowers, often using their feet to row, take you along the calm Ngo Dong River, which winds its way through verdant rice fields and around towering limestone karsts. The atmosphere here is serene and magical, giving you the feeling of being in a hidden fairyland. As you glide along the river, you’ll pass through the three caves, each offering a unique experience of the surrounding landscape. On both sides of the river, you can enjoy picturesque views of green or golden rice fields, depending on the season, and karst formations.

On the way back from your boat ride, it’s highly recommended to stop at Ben Thanh and take a short walk to Thai Vi Temple. This temple dates back to the 13th century and is dedicated to the Tran Dynasty’s founder. Surrounded by peaceful nature and offering an atmospheric environment, it’s a great spot for those interested in history and a quiet retreat from the tourist sites.

You can visit Tam Coc year-round but if you want to capture stunning photos of golden rice fields, the best time to visit is between mid-April and early June. During this time, the fields are at their most vibrant as the rice ripens, creating a beautiful contrast with the green karst mountains under clear blue skies.

Tam Coc is a must-see destination in Ninh Binh, offering a harmonious blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage. From floating through caves on a peaceful river to exploring centuries-old temples, it provides a serene and enriching experience for travellers looking to connect with the best of Vietnam’s countryside.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 120,000 VND/ visitor
Boat: 150,000 VND/ boat.
Visiting time: About 2 hours.

4. Explore Bich Dong Pagoda

If you have time after your boat trip in Tam Coc, visiting Bich Dong Pagoda is a perfect continuation of your exploration in Ninh Binh. Bich Dong, also known as the “Green Pearl Grotto,” offers not only a spiritual experience but also breathtaking scenery and a bit of adventure, making it one of the most iconic spots in the region.

Just 2 km southwest of the Tam Coc boat dock, Bich Dong Pagoda is easily accessible by bike or a leisurely walk. As you approach, you’ll pass through serene landscapes of lush greenery, small ponds, and limestone cliffs. One of the most famous sights at Bich Dong is the ornate stone gate, which stands at the foot of a mountain. Before entering the pagoda, you’ll cross a charming stone bridge over a tranquil lotus pond. The picturesque scene with lotus blossoms in full bloom, especially in the summer, makes for an incredible photo opportunity.

Bich Dong Pagoda is unique in its layout, as it consists of three separate pagodas: Ha Pagoda (Lower Pagoda), Trung Pagoda (Middle Pagoda), Thuong Pagoda (Upper Pagoda) positioned at different heights on the mountain, each connected by a winding path up the hillside. The layered structure creates a peaceful and mystical atmosphere as you ascend.

Visiting all three pagodas will take about 2 hours, but it’s worth every moment. The climb is moderately challenging, so be prepared with comfortable shoes and take your time. Once at the top, the stunning views and the quiet ambiance provide a perfect spot for rest and reflection.

Bich Dong Pagoda offers a serene and enchanting experience, combining religious devotion with the raw beauty of nature. Whether you’re seeking a spiritual retreat, a photo-worthy destination, or simply a peaceful break from the modern world, Bich Dong is a must-see when visiting Ninh Binh.

Location: Ninh Hai commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Opening time: 7:00 – 21:00 every day.

4. Discover Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex

The Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most stunning destinations in Vietnam, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, limestone mountain ranges, and vast network of caves. Often called the “Inland Halong Bay,” Trang An offers an unforgettable experience for visitors seeking both natural beauty and historical richness.

The ideal time to visit Trang An is during the dry season from November to April, when the weather is pleasant, and the rivers are calm, offering the best conditions for the boat tour. For photography enthusiasts, visiting in the morning or late afternoon provides the best lighting, especially with the mist hanging over the limestone peaks.

Trang An Eco-Tourism Complex combines the best of nature and history, offering a peaceful retreat into Vietnam’s natural landscapes while providing insight into its cultural heritage. The boat journey through the caves and rivers is not only visually stunning but also a meditative experience, as the quiet of the surroundings and the slow rhythm of the boat lull you into a sense of calm.

For visitors to Ninh Binh, this eco-tourism complex is a must-see, allowing you to enjoy one of Vietnam’s most dramatic landscapes in a relaxed and meaningful way.

There are 3 different routes with different sightseeings you can choose:

– Trang An Boat Tour Route 1 is designed for anyone who like exploring geological. Moreover, only this tour will take you through most of the caves.
Habor – Trinh temple – Bright cave – Dark cave – Nau Ruou cave – Tran temple – Ba Giot cave – Seo cave – Son Duong cave – Khong temple – Bao Hieu temple – Khong cave – Tran cave – Quy Hau cave – Habor (3,5 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 2: If you are tight on travel time, a boat trip route 2 is a perfect choice.
Harbor – Lam cave – Cao Son temple – Vang cave – Thanh Truot cave – Dia Linh mountain – Suoi Tien temple – Kim Quy mountain – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2 hours).
– Trang An Boat Tour Route 3 is suitable for those who want to see limestone mountains.
Harbor – Trinh temple – May cave – Suoi Tien – Dia Linh cave – Dai cave – Vu Lam palace – Habor (2,5 hours).

Location: Trang An, Truong Yen commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Boat: 250,000 VND/passenger
Opening time: 8:00 – 18:00 every day.

6. Conquer Mua Cave (Hang Mua)

Mua Cave (Hang Múa) has become one of the most popular and talked-about destinations in Ninh Binh, often referred to as the “miniature Great Wall of China” because of its iconic stone steps and the stunning panoramic views from the top. Here’s why you shouldn’t miss it during your trip:

• To reach the top, you’ll climb approximately 500 steep stone steps that wind up the side of the mountain.
• Breathtaking Panoramic Views: Once you reach the summit, you’ll be rewarded with one of the most breathtaking views in Ninh Binh. The panorama includes a majestic bird’s-eye view of the Tam Coc region, where the Ngo Dong River meanders through the verdant rice fields and dramatic limestone karsts.
• Best Time to Visit: The most magical time to climb Mua Cave is during sunset.

At the very top of the mountain, you will find the impressive Lying Dragon Statue (Núi Ngọa Long), perched on the edge of the summit. If you still have energy left after the Mua Cave climb, you can embark on another climb to the lookout near Bich Dong Pagoda, which offers an equally impressive view of the surrounding karst mountains and rivers. Sometimes, the views from the top of Mua Cave might be partially obstructed by mist, which is common in Ninh Binh, especially in the early morning or late afternoon.

In short, Mua Cave is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh, offering a perfect combination of physical challenge and immense scenic beauty, rewarding visitors with unforgettable views of the surrounding countryside.

Location: Khe Dau Ha, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee:100,000 VND/ visitor
Opening time: 6:00 – 19:00 every day.

7. Visit to Bai Dinh Pagoda

Bai Dinh Pagoda, the largest complex of Buddhist temples in Vietnam, is a significant site for spiritual pilgrimage and an architectural marvel that combines ancient traditions with modern constructions. Located in Ninh Binh province, Bai Dinh is a popular destination for both devout Buddhists and tourists, offering a peaceful and reflective experience.

The Bai Dinh Complex including Old Bai Dinh Pagoda (Ancient Temple), New Bai Dinh Pagoda. To fully appreciate Bai Dinh, you’ll need 3 to 4 hours to explore both the ancient and new temples, take in the scenic surroundings, and visit the various halls and structures.

The complex comes alive during the Bai Dinh Temple Festival, which begins on the 6th day of the first lunar month. This annual festival attracts thousands of Buddhists from across Vietnam, who come to pray and participate in religious rituals.

As Bai Dinh is a spiritual and religious site, it is important to dress appropriately. Wear clothing that covers your shoulders and knees. Since you’ll be walking a lot, comfortable shoes are essential for an enjoyable visit.

In short, Bai Dinh Pagoda offers a unique blend of history, spirituality, and cultural immersion. Whether you are visiting for religious reasons or simply to admire the architectural beauty and tranquil atmosphere, Bai Dinh is a highlight of any trip to Ninh Binh.

Location: Gia Sinh commune, Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: Free.
Electric Car: 60,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 20:00 every day.

8. Thung Nham Bird Garden

Thung Nham Bird Garden, located about 4km from Bich Dong Pagoda and close to the famous Tam Coc area, is a hidden gem in Ninh Binh. It offers an immersive natural experience in a serene and pristine environment, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers, bird watchers, and anyone looking to escape the hustle of daily life.

The best time to visit Thung Nham Bird Garden is in the late afternoon, just before sunset, when the birds return to their nests. The garden is at its most vibrant and serene during this time. Autumn is an ideal season to visit, as the cool weather and occasional mist enhance the garden’s romantic and peaceful vibe. However, Thung Nham is beautiful throughout the year, with each season offering a different kind of charm.

In short, Thung Nham Bird Garden is a destination that captures the serene beauty of Ninh Binh’s natural landscapes, while offering a rare opportunity to observe Vietnam’s birdlife in a tranquil and picturesque setting. Whether you’re visiting to experience the bird migrations at sunset or to explore the caves and forests, Thung Nham promises a peaceful and enriching experience.

Location: Hải Nham commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh.
Entrance fee: 100,000 VND/ visitor
Boat tour: 20,000 VND/ passenger
Opening time: 6:00 – 22:00 every day.

9. Try local food

Ninh Binh is renowned not only for its stunning natural beauty but also for its unique and flavorful cuisine. The local dishes here offer a rich blend of traditional flavors and ingredients that reflect the region’s natural resources and cultural heritage. When visiting Ninh Binh, be sure to try the following specialties: Rice Crust, Goat Meat, Mountain Snails, Sticky Rice with Ants’ Eggs, Eel Vermicelli, Yen Mac Fermented Pork Roll, Shrimp Paste, Sandworm Fritters, …

Many of the seasonal specialties, such as mountain snails and ants’ eggs, are available during certain times of the year, so it’s worth checking local markets or restaurants to see what’s in season.

In summary, a trip to Ninh Binh wouldn’t be complete without sampling the local cuisine. From the crunchy Rice Crust to the flavorful Goat Meat and adventurous dishes like sticky rice with ants’ eggs, Ninh Binh’s culinary offerings are as rich and diverse as its landscapes.

10. Fly above Trang An and Tam Coc

Experiencing Ninh Binh from above through a helicopter tour is a unique and unforgettable way to appreciate the stunning landscapes of the region. The ticket price for the helicopter tour is around $82 USD per passenger.

In conclusion, the helicopter tour of Trang An and Tam Coc offers a spectacular way to appreciate the natural beauty of Ninh Binh. With its stunning landscapes, this unique experience is perfect for those looking to add a touch of adventure and breathtaking views to their visit.

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The Vietnam Military History Museum (Bảo tàng Lịch sử Quân sự Việt Nam) also known as the Army Museum, is one of the oldest and most prominent museums in Vietnam. Located in the capital city, Hanoi, it offers a deep insight into the country’s military history, especially focusing on its long and tumultuous journey toward independence.

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• Established: 1956
• Location: 28A Điện Biên Phủ Street, Ba Đình District, Hanoi
• Exhibitions: The museum houses thousands of artifacts from various periods of Vietnam’s military history. Its primary focus is on the First Indochina War (against the French, 1946–1954) and the Vietnam War (known locally as the American War, 1955–1975), but it also covers earlier conflicts, including struggles against Chinese, Mongol, and Japanese invaders.

Notable Exhibits:

• Military Hardware: The museum showcases a variety of military equipment, such as tanks, aircraft, and artillery. Of special note is the wreckage of American B-52 bombers, along with captured American and French weapons.

• The Flag Tower of Hanoi: This 19th-century tower, built under the Nguyễn dynasty, is part of the museum complex. It’s an iconic symbol of Hanoi and stands within the museum grounds.

• Artifacts from Famous Battles: Exhibits include maps, weapons, and personal items from key battles, such as Điện Biên Phủ, the defining victory that led to the end of French colonial rule in Vietnam.

• Portraits of Heroes: Statues, paintings, and other memorabilia commemorate the contributions of Vietnamese generals and soldiers, including General Võ Nguyên Giáp, who led Vietnamese forces in both wars against France and the U.S.

• Ho Chi Minh’s Role: The museum highlights the role of Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam’s revolutionary leader, in guiding the country through its wars for independence.

1. General information

The Vietnam Military History Museum, also known as the Army Museum, was established on 17 July 1956 and is one of seven national museums in Vietnam. Spanning over 10,000 square meters, it is located in the heart of Hanoi, directly across from Lenin Park. The museum is just a short walk away from several iconic landmarks, including the Presidential Palace, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the botanical gardens, and Uncle Ho’s stilt house, making it a culturally and historically rich area for visitors.

Key Features:

• Flag Tower of Hanoi: Located within the museum grounds, the Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội), constructed in the early 19th century, is an important symbol of the city and was declared a national historical architectural monument in 1990. The tower adds to the museum’s significance and charm, connecting Vietnam’s present with its historical past.
• Exhibits and Displays: The museum houses thousands of artifacts, including weapons, photographs, maps, and scale models that recount Vietnam’s military history. These displays provide visitors with a comprehensive understanding of the development of the Vietnamese people’s armed forces, from their origins to their role in Vietnam’s many struggles for peace, independence, and freedom. The exhibitions cover significant events such as the First Indochina War, the Vietnam War, and other key military moments in Vietnam’s history.

Through these exhibits, visitors can gain a deeper appreciation of Vietnam’s resilience and the sacrifices made by its people during centuries of resistance against foreign invaders. The museum stands as a testament to the spirit of independence that has defined Vietnam’s history.

2. Layouts

The Vietnam Military History Museum features a combination of indoor and outdoor exhibits, offering visitors a well-rounded perspective on Vietnam’s extensive military history.

2.1: Indoor Display:

The museum’s first floor is divided into three main rooms, each focusing on a different period of Vietnamese military history:

– 1st Room – Ancient Military History:

This room covers the early military history of Vietnam, beginning with the Hùng Kings period (the legendary founders of Vietnam) and extending through to Ngô Quyền’s victory over the Southern Han army at the famous Battle of Bạch Đằng River in 938 AD. This battle marked Vietnam’s independence from Chinese rule, making it a significant moment in the nation’s history.

The room showcases ancient weapons, armor, and historical artifacts, giving visitors insight into the formation of early Vietnamese military power.

– 2nd Room – The First Indochina War (1858–1945):

This central room features a statue of President Ho Chi Minh, symbolizing his pivotal role in leading Vietnam to independence. The room focuses on the First Indochina War, primarily Vietnam’s resistance against French colonial forces.

Through photographs, documents, and artifacts, the exhibits in this room tell the story of the Vietnamese struggle for independence from 1858, the start of French colonization, to 1945, when Vietnam declared its independence after World War II.

– 3rd Room – Vietnam from the Lý to Nguyễn Dynasties:

This room displays the military history of Vietnam during the Lý, Trần, Lê, and Nguyễn dynasties, spanning nearly a millennium (11th to 19th centuries). These dynasties are renowned for their wars of defense against invasions, especially from Mongols, Champa, and Chinese forces.

Exhibits include historical weapons, military uniforms, and models of fortifications that reflect the military strategies and tactics employed during these periods.

2.2: Outdoor Display:

In addition to the indoor exhibits, the museum has an outdoor display area, which features larger military equipment such as tanks, planes, artillery, and remnants of B-52 bombers shot down during the Vietnam War. This outdoor section provides a tangible experience of the military hardware used throughout Vietnam’s modern conflicts.

Together, the indoor and outdoor displays offer a comprehensive narrative of Vietnam’s enduring fight for independence, from ancient times to modern warfare.

The Vietnam Military History Museum displays a remarkable collection of artifacts, showcasing Vietnam’s military heritage through various periods of its history. Notable exhibits include:

– A bicycle used in the Điện Biên Phủ Campaign (1954), symbolizing the resilience and resourcefulness of Vietnamese soldiers who transported supplies over difficult terrain.

– MiG-19 and MiG-21 aircraft, which played a crucial role in aerial battles during the Vietnam War.

– SAM-2 and SAM-3 missiles, used in the campaign to defend against American air raids, particularly the famous Operation Rolling Thunder.

– Tanks, including the ones that famously entered the Independence Palace (Reunification Palace) in Saigon on April 30, 1975, marking the end of the Vietnam War.

2.3: The Museum’s Content is Organized into Six Main Historical Periods:

– The History of the Vietnamese Nation and the Birth of the Vietnam People’s Army: This section covers the early development of Vietnam, including the formation of the Vietnam People’s Army (VPA) under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh in 1944. It highlights the historical roots of Vietnam’s military organization and its early campaigns for independence.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against French Colonialism: Exhibits focus on the First Indochina War (1946-1954) and Vietnam’s fight against French colonialism, culminating in the famous Điện Biên Phủ victory, which led to the end of French rule in Indochina. This section includes items such as military vehicles and personal artifacts from the battle.

– The Vietnamese Struggle Against American Imperialists: The third period covers the Vietnam War (American War), showcasing the key military strategies and battles that led to Vietnam’s victory over the United States. Items displayed here include aircraft, missiles, tanks, and uniforms used by Vietnamese soldiers.

– The Vietnam People’s Army on the Path to a Regular, Modern Army: This section illustrates the transformation of the VPA from a guerrilla force into a regular, modern military power. It emphasizes the army’s post-war efforts to professionalize and equip itself with modern technology, making it one of the most formidable military forces in Southeast Asia.

– The People and the Army Are One, and Will Be Invincible: A unique aspect of Vietnam’s military strength is the unity between the people and the army. This section emphasizes the close relationship between the civilian population and the military, which played a critical role in resisting foreign invaders throughout Vietnam’s history.

– Weaponry Displayed in the Museum Courtyard: The outdoor courtyard houses an impressive array of military equipment, including airplanes, tanks, heavy artillery, rockets, mortars, bombs, and other large-scale weaponry. Visitors can closely observe these relics of war, which stand as symbols of Vietnam’s struggle and eventual triumph in its wars for independence.

Through these exhibits, the museum provides an in-depth narrative of Vietnam’s military history, covering over a millennium of warfare, resistance, and eventual victory in defending the country’s sovereignty.

After visiting the Vietnam Military History Museum, you will gain a profound appreciation for the indomitable spirit of the Vietnamese people, which is deeply reflected in their long and determined fight for independence and freedom. The museum’s exhibits vividly embody this enduring national spirit, encapsulated in the famous words of President Ho Chi Minh:

“Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.”

These words, from the Independence Proclamation of Vietnam, are not just a statement but a guiding principle that has driven the Vietnamese people through centuries of struggle against foreign domination—from ancient times to modern conflicts.

Each artifact in the museum tells a story of resilience, sacrifice, and determination to protect the country’s sovereignty. The bicycles used in Điện Biên Phủ, the tanks that rolled into Saigon, and the missiles that defended the skies against U.S. bombers all serve as reminders of the nation’s quest for liberty. Through its displays of military might, the museum stands as a testament to the powerful connection between the Vietnamese people and their armed forces, united in their pursuit of independence.

3. How to get there

According to the central location in Hanoi (Dien Bien Phu Street, Ba Dinh district), it will be very easy for you to access this Museum, by public bus number 34 from Trang Tien street or by taxi and better with private car / van and experienced guide for best experience.

Available tours to the Vietnam Military History Museum can be found at any travel agency that offers Hanoi city tours or day tours in and around Hanoi. You can also combine your visit to nearby attractions of Ho Chi Minh complex; Hoang Thanh citadel; West Lake; Tran Quoc pagoda or Quan Thanh temple.

• Address: 28A Dien Bien Phu, Ba Dinh District Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Opening hours: Every day except Monday & Friday
  Morning:from 8.00 – 11.30
  Afternoon: from 13.00– 16.30
  • Entrance fee: 40,000VND / Visitor – Camera fee: 30,000VND / Visitor

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Hoan Kiem Lake, located in the heart of Hanoi, is one of the city’s most iconic landmarks. Its serene beauty and rich cultural and historical significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone touring the capital of Vietnam. Hoan Kiem Lake is more than just a scenic spot; it’s a gateway to Hanoi’s rich history and culture, surrounded by vibrant local life and fascinating landmarks.

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1. History & Legend

Hoan Kiem Lake, also known as “The Lake of the Returned Sword” (Vietnamese: Hồ Hoàn Kiếm), holds a central place in Hanoi’s history and culture. This iconic fresh water lake, measuring around 12 hectares, is located in the heart of the city and has been known by various names throughout history. Formerly called Luc Thuy Lake (Hồ Lục Thủy, meaning “Green Water Lake” for its distinctive color) and Thuy Quan Lake (Hồ Thủy Quân, meaning “Mariner’s Lake”), the lake was also referred to as Ta Vong during the Le Mat Dynasty.

The Legend of the Returned Sword

The lake’s modern name is linked to a famous legend involving Le Loi, a 15th-century Vietnamese king. According to the story, Le Loi came across a mysterious metal bar, which was caught by a friend during a fishing trip. The bar was later revealed to be a sword, inscribed with the words “Thuan Thien” (meaning “harmonious with heaven”). Le Loi understood that this sword was a divine gift, and he used it to lead his forces to victory against the invading Ming Chinese.

After securing Vietnam’s independence in 1428, King Le Loi was boating on the lake when the Golden Turtle God emerged from the water. The turtle asked for the return of the magical sword, and recognizing that the sword had fulfilled its purpose, Le Loi returned it by offering it to the turtle. The turtle took the sword in its mouth and disappeared into the lake’s depths. In honor of this event, the lake was renamed Hoan Kiem Lake, symbolizing the return of the sword to its rightful divine owner.

This legend has made Hoan Kiem Lake not only a natural beauty but also a symbol of Vietnam’s independence, resilience, and connection to the divine.

2. Hoan Kiem Lake Over View

Hoan Kiem Lake, once much larger than its current size, has seen significant changes over time, especially during the French colonial period when parts of it were filled in to make way for the expansion of Hanoi. Today, the lake covers an area of around 120,000 square meters, with a maximum length of 700 meters and a width of 250 meters. The lake’s depth ranges from 1 to 1.4 meters on average.

• Unique Features of Hoan Kiem Lake:
• Distinctive Water Color: One of the lake’s most striking features is its greenish water, which changes in shade depending on the sky’s reflection. This unique color sets it apart from other lakes in Vietnam.
• Turtles in the Lake: The lake is home to giant turtles, which are rarely found in other lakes across the country. These turtles hold a special place in Vietnamese culture, where they are considered sacred animals, along with the dragon, phoenix, and unicorn. The sight of these turtles rising from the lake is seen as a lucky and spiritual event, further enhancing the lake’s holy status in Vietnamese tradition.
• Key Landmarks Around the Lake:
• Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa): This small tower stands on an island in the center of the lake and serves as a symbol of both the lake and the city of Hanoi. It adds a tranquil and mystical charm to the surrounding landscape.
• The Huc Bridge (Cầu Thê Húc): This vibrant red bridge crosses the lake and connects to Ngoc Son Temple. The bridge’s name means “The Rising Sun” and it beautifully complements the temple, creating a picturesque and serene atmosphere.
• Ngoc Son Temple: Situated on a small island, this temple is a popular cultural and religious site, surrounded by the peaceful waters of Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, the lake’s shores are adorned with a variety of flowers that bloom throughout the year, enhancing the lake’s beauty and making it a peaceful oasis in the bustling city of Hanoi.

Hoan Kiem Lake is not just a scenic landmark but also a cultural and spiritual symbol for the Vietnamese people, offering a blend of natural beauty and historical significance.

3. What to see around Hoan Kiem Lake

Hoan Kiem Lake surroundings offer variety of activities which make it crowded and busy all day, especially during the weekends. Let’s find out what to see and where to visit around this popular lake.

3.1. Ngoc Son Temple

The Temple of the Jade Mountain (Ngoc Son Temple) is an important cultural and historical site located on the northern shore of Hoan Kiem Lake, standing on Jade Island. Built in the 18th century, the temple is primarily dedicated to Tran Hung Dao, a revered Vietnamese national hero who led the country to victory against Mongol invasions three times during the 13th century.

• Features of Ngoc Son Temple:
• Tran Hung Dao’s Shrine: As the temple’s central figure, Tran Hung Dao is honored with altars and statues inside, symbolizing his contributions to Vietnam’s independence and resilience.
• Artifacts and Historical Relics: The temple contains various artifacts that showcase Vietnam’s rich cultural heritage. Visitors can find traditional altars and ceremonial items that reflect the importance of this site in Vietnamese history and religious life.
• Preserved Giant Turtle: One of the temple’s most notable displays is a preserved specimen of a giant turtle, weighing 250 kg. This turtle connects to the legend of Hoan Kiem Lake, further enhancing the spiritual significance of the temple and its surroundings.

3.2. The Huc Bridge

The Huc Bridge: The Huc Bridge, also known as “The Bridge of the Rising Sun,” is a bright red wooden bridge that connects Jade Island to the mainland. The bridge, with its distinctive color and elegant design, has become one of Hanoi’s most recognizable landmarks, symbolizing good fortune and longevity. The bridge adds a romantic, picturesque element to the temple, especially during sunrise and sunset when the light reflects beautifully off the lake’s surface.

Ngoc Son Temple and The Huc Bridge together form a significant part of the Hoan Kiem Lake experience, offering visitors a blend of history, spirituality, and stunning architecture amidst the tranquility of the lake.

3.3. Turtle Tower

Turtle Tower (Tháp Rùa) is one of Hanoi’s most iconic landmarks, standing on a small island in the center of Hoan Kiem Lake. Despite its relatively modest size and non-traditional Vietnamese architectural style, the tower holds great historical and cultural significance for the people of Hanoi. Turtle Tower’s combination of historical meaning and visual appeal makes it a cherished part of Hanoi’s landscape, embodying both the struggles and hopes of the Vietnamese people.

3.4. Thap But

Tháp Bút (Pen Tower) stands at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple, an important feature of the landscape around Hoan Kiem Lake. Built in 1865 at the proposal of the respected scholar Nguyen Van Sieu, the tower symbolizes both intellectual and moral values in Vietnamese culture.

• Architectural Features:
• Height and Structure: Tháp Bút rises to a height of 28 meters and consists of five floors. It is built on a four-meter-high stone base, giving the tower a sense of grandeur.
• Design: The tip of the tower is shaped like a writing brush, or “bút” in Vietnamese, symbolizing intellectual pursuit. The brush itself is 0.9 meters tall, making the whole tower a striking visual representation of scholarly wisdom.
• Symbolism:
• “Writing on the Clear Blue Sky”: The words “Tả Thanh Thiên” (translated as “Writing on the clear blue sky”) are engraved on the tower. This phrase represents the idea of integrity and truthfulness, advocating for moral uprightness and clear-minded thinking.
• Feng Shui Principle: Pen Tower is considered a key element in the feng shui of the area surrounding Ngoc Son Temple. It is positioned to balance the natural and spiritual energies of the site, making it a place not only of learning but also of harmony.
• Symbol of Literature and Martial Power: While primarily a tribute to the importance of literature and intellectual pursuits, Pen Tower also reflects the balance of knowledge and power. It is said to demonstrate the strength and martial prowess of the Trinh Lord, blending the values of scholarship with those of military leadership.

Overall, Tháp Bút serves as a powerful symbol in Vietnamese culture, celebrating the significance of literature, truthfulness, and the balanced union of intellect and power. Its location at the entrance to Ngoc Son Temple makes it an essential part of the spiritual and cultural experience at Hoan Kiem Lake.

4. What to do around Hoan Kiem Lake

4.1. Joining Taichi class and Dancing

Visiting Hoan Kiem Lake in the early morning, from 5 am to 6 am, offers a serene and refreshing experience like no other. At this time, the lake is often cloaked in a soft mist, with the sound of birdsongs filling the air, creating a peaceful atmosphere that contrasts sharply with the usual hustle and bustle of Hanoi. The cool, crisp air adds to the tranquility, making it the perfect time to appreciate the lake’s beauty.

It is ideal time for exercise and dancing while breathing in the fresh air. Every morning, flocks of local residents gather here for doing exercise including yoga, aerobic and tai-chi. Tourists are also welcomed to join these fun activities and communicate with the locals.

The early morning at Hoan Kiem Lake offers a rare glimpse into the daily life of Hanoians, where tradition and modernity come together in a harmonious way. It’s a time when the lake’s natural beauty and the city’s vibrant culture coexist in perfect balance, making it an ideal moment to enjoy the peaceful ambiance, connect with locals, and start the day in a refreshing way.

4.2. Water Puppet Show

The water puppet show is a unique and legendary form of traditional Vietnamese art, deeply rooted in the country’s rural culture. Originating from the Red River Delta centuries ago, this form of entertainment involves puppets performing on water, accompanied by live music and storytelling.

There are two main puppet theaters sat on the lake including Bong Sen Puppet Theater and Thang Long Puppet Theater.

Both theaters offer visitors the chance to witness a unique part of Vietnam’s cultural heritage. The shows are not only entertaining but also educational, allowing audiences to immerse themselves in the stories and traditions that have shaped Vietnamese history and folklore.

For any visitor to Hanoi, attending a water puppet show is an essential experience that provides a window into the country’s rich cultural traditions.

4.3. Experience walking streets & Hang Dao street night market at the weekend

During the weekend evenings, the area around Hoan Kiem Lake transforms into a vibrant public square, where traffic is banned from 7 PM to 12 AM. This pedestrian zone creates a lively and family-friendly atmosphere where locals and tourists gather to enjoy cultural activities.

• Weekend Pedestrian Street:

• Folk Games & Traditional Music Performances: One of the most charming aspects of the Hanoi pedestrian street is the focus on folk games and traditional music performances. Visitors can witness or participate in games like tug-of-war, bamboo dancing, or spinning tops, which are beloved traditional Vietnamese pastimes. Street performers also showcase traditional Vietnamese instruments and music, creating an atmosphere of cultural celebration.
• Relaxing Atmosphere: The car-free streets allow for leisurely strolls around Hoan Kiem Lake, where people can enjoy the sights and sounds of Hanoi without the usual hustle and bustle. Families, couples, and friends come together to walk, play games, and take in the fresh air and entertainment.
• Hang Dao Night Market:

Running from 6 PM to 11 PM on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, the Hang Dao Night Market is another popular attraction near Hoan Kiem Lake. The market stretches from Hang Dao Street through Dong Kinh Nghia Thuc Square, all the way to the gate of Dong Xuan Market.

• Shopping for Souvenirs: The night market is a great place to shop for a wide variety of local souvenirs, including traditional handicrafts, clothing, and accessories. Vendors sell everything from embroidered textiles to conical hats, making it an excellent spot for picking up unique mementos of your trip.
• Local Snacks: In addition to shopping, the market offers a fantastic range of local snacks and street food. From Vietnamese spring rolls and pho to sweet treats like chè (a type of Vietnamese dessert), there are plenty of delicious options to try while exploring the market.

The combination of the pedestrian streets and the night market makes the weekend at Hoan Kiem Lake a perfect time to experience Hanoi’s vibrant local culture, offering a delightful blend of tradition, entertainment, and street food.

4.4. Discovering Old Quarter

The Hanoi Old Quarter, located in the northeast of Hanoi within the Hoan Kiem District, is a historic and cultural hub of the city. This area once served as the residential, manufacturing, and commercial center of Hanoi, with each street dedicated to a specific type of trade or craft. The quarter is often referred to as the 36 Streets (Vietnamese: Hà Nội 36 phố phường), symbolizing the original 36 guilds that made up the city’s bustling urban area. Although most streets no longer exclusively specialize in their original trades, many of their names still reflect the types of goods once sold there, preserving the unique identity of the Old Quarter.

One of the most enjoyable ways to experience the Hanoi Old Quarter is by taking a ride on a cyclo, a classic human-powered vehicle with a seat for passengers in the front and the driver pedaling from behind. This leisurely mode of transportation allows visitors to soak in the bustling atmosphere of Hanoi at a slower pace.

he Hanoi Old Quarter is not only a historical area but also a living, breathing part of the city, where tradition and modernity come together. Walking or riding through its narrow streets gives you a feel for the pulse of Hanoi, where centuries-old trade practices and modern businesses coexist in a unique blend of past and present.

Exploring the Old Quarter is essential for anyone wanting to fully experience the cultural richness and vibrant energy of Hanoi.

4.5. Enjoying street foods & bistro cafes

Near Hoan Kiem Lake, don’t miss Trang Tien Ice Cream, a beloved local spot offering a delightful variety of flavors such as chocolate, vanilla, young glutinous rice, green bean, and Indian taro.

For those who enjoy high-end shopping, Trang Tien Plaza Shopping Mall is an excellent choice. Home to prestigious international brands like Bvlgari, Dior, Cartier, and Louis Vuitton, this mall was originally built in 1901 in the French colonial style and underwent renovations to achieve its current appearance in 2013. As one of the oldest shopping centers in Hanoi, it’s conveniently located at a corner next to Hoan Kiem Lake.

Additionally, savoring delicious Vietnamese cuisine with a stunning view of Hoan Kiem Lake at Cau Go restaurant or enjoying drinks and coffee from the Hàm Cá Mập (Shark Jaw) building can enhance your experience in this beautiful area.

Street food is a must-try when visiting the Hoan Kiem Lake area. The variety of food choices is impressive, and dishes are available at budget-friendly to affordable prices, making it easy to enjoy local cuisine no matter where you choose to dine. Don’t miss trying iconic Vietnamese dishes like pho, bun cha, cha ca, bun thang, and bun dau mam tom—each offering a unique taste of Hanoi’s culinary heritage.

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On the way to explore Danang and Hoian, tourists often choose to visit Marble Mountains, Linh Ung Pagoda, Bana Hills, Hoian Ancient Town and popular beaches such as My Khe Beach, Cua Dai or An Bang Beach. Besides these places, My Son Holy land can’t be missed for those who are interested in culture and history of Cham people while they are in Danang and Hoian. If Hoian enchants tourists by colorful lanterns along downtown streets by night, Da Nang city is lit up brilliantly by colorful lights of bridges, buildings and civil houses. Charming red towers in My Son surely amaze tourists in the sunset with the story about the religious and political capital of the Champa Kingdom for the most of its existence.

Location: Quang Nam Province, 69 km southwest of Da Nang City

Opening hours: 6AM to 5PM

Entrance fee: 150,000 VND/ foreigner visitor – 100,000 VND/ for local

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• History

Between the 4th to 13th centuries, there was a unique culture developed on the coast of contemporary Vietnam, owing its spiritual origins to the Indian Hinduism. This is demonstrated by the remains of a series of impressive tower-temples located in a dramatic site of My Son Holy Land, which was the religious and political capital of the Cham Pa Kingdom for most of its existence.
Through stone stele and royal dynasties, My Son was proven to be the most important Holy Land of the Cham people during the mentioned centuries, reflecting their style and history.

The Cham people belong to an ethnic group in Southeast Asia. They formed the core of the Muslim communities in both Cambodia and Vietnam. Cham is a remnant of the Cham Pa Kingdom (7th to 15th centuries), closely related to the Malay race.

The property is located in the mountainous border Duy Xuyen District of Quang Nam Province, around 75km from Hoian, 69km southwest of Da Nang city and 150km from Hue. It is surrounded by a ring of mountains, which provides the watershed for the Thu Bon River of Hoi An. The location gives the sites its strategic importance as it is also easily defensible.

My Son used to be a group of more than 70 structures (mainly temples and towers) built by Cham Kings to commemorate important events during their reign. After the Champa Kingdom was defeated, the temples were abandoned among lush nature until 1903, when Henri Parmentier – a French archaeologist, and his team began an excavation of the site.

During the excavation, Henri organized the complex of My Son into 14 sections according to the alphabet. For better orientation, every temple has its own number within a group, for example A1, A2, B1, B2…. Currently, sections A – G are the easiest areas to access thanks to the walking paths.

Cultural Values Of My Son Holy land

In 1999, My Son was honorably recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO with two criterions:

• Criterion (ii): The My Son Sanctuary is an exceptional example of cultural interchange, with an indigenous society adapting to external cultural influences, notably the Hindu art and architecture of the Indian sub-continent.
• Criterion (iii): The Champa Kingdom was an important phenomenon in the political and cultural history of South – East Asia, vividly illustrated by the ruins of My Son.

Religion

Situated inside the 2-kilometer-wide valley in Quang Nam province, the My Son Sanctuary temple complex used to be the central praying and worshiping ceremony place of Cham Pa reigns. It was considered as the tool to assist the reigns to contact with God and Saints. The land accordingly becomes the significant religious and cultural center of Cham Pa reigns.

The ruins of My Son are not as grand and impressive as those of Angkor Wat in Cambodia. However, the site was inhabited from the 4th to the 15th century AD, far longer than any of the other Indian-influenced sites in the region including the famous sites of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, Borobudur in Indonesia, Bagan in Myanmar, or Ayutthaya in Thailand.

Cham-style Architecture

According to records on the stone stele, the initial foundation of the ancient My Son architectural complex was a wooden temple to worship the Siva Bhadreshwara genie but this temple was destroyed by a big fire in the late 16th century. After that, the next structures were built with red bricks by the kings of the Champa Kingdom.

My Son used to be a group of more than 70 structures including temples and towers that connect to each other with complicated red brick designs. The main component of the Cham architectural design is the tower, built to reflect the divinity of the king. Bricks are main material for the construction of the Cham Towers. Each historical period has its own identity so that each temple worshiping a genie, or a king of a different dynasty has its own architectural style of different impressions. Most of the temples point to the East, the sun direction because Champa people believed that the East was the place where the gods lived.

All of the Cham towers were built on a quad-rate foundations and each comprises three parts: a solid tower base, representing the world of human beings, the mysterious and sacred tower body, representing the world of spirits, and the tower top built in the shape of a man offering flowers and fruits or of trees, birds, animals, etc., representing things that are close to the spirits and human beings. My Son sanctuary is truly a vivid proof reflecting Cham-style architecture which is much influenced by India style.

The architectural art of the Cham towers at My Son Sanctuary is the convergence of different styles, including the continuity of the ancient style in the 7th-8th centuries, the Hoa Lai style of the 8th-9th centuries, the Dong Duong style from the mid-9th century, My Son and My Son-Binh Dinh styles, etc.

However, it has yet been unable to figure out the reasonable explanation how and by what kind of substance Cham people could stick red baked bricks together to form such solid structures. High shrine towers with double pillars, solid walls, elaborate carvings and striking sculptures, all reflect the exclusive beauty of Cham culture.

Although many towers have been destroyed by the time and the wars, the remaining sculptural and architectural remnants still reflect the style and history of the art of the Cham people. Their masterpieces mark a glorious time for the architecture and culture of the Cham, as well as of Southeast Asia. They are also vivid proof, confirming the history of a nationality living within the Vietnamese community boasting of a rich cultural tradition.

How to Get to My Son Holy land?

Taxi

Taxi is the fastest transportation to go from Da Nang or Hoian to My Son but the taxi fare is quite expensive, ranging from 700,000 VND to 800,000 VND one-way. So, it may not suitable for those having a low budget.

Local Bus

In contrast with taxi, bus is the cheapest means of transportation. But the drawback is that the waiting time for a bus is quite long. Thus, you need to be very patient. The right bus leading you to My Son is bus number 06, which departs from Da Nang Central Bus Station directly to My Son. The price is between 8,000 VND to 30,000 VND.\

Motorbike

This means of transportation is suitable for adventurous persons loving to explore the roads in Vietnam. However, most of the road to My Son from Da Nang or Hoian was busy and dusty and not interesting. Only after reaching the point where is only 10 km left, the surroundings change a little and lead through a countryside, rice fields and nice views of the mountains.

Private Car/Van

This is the most comfortable way to discover My Son. Our driver & Local guide will wait for you at your hotel lobby, Pick you up at your convenient time and the most enjoyable visit. The private car/ Van of Vietnam Travel could stop along the way for your tea and photo opportunity.

If you want to save time and gain much experience, the best option is to book a day trip with escorted tour guide from Da Nang or Hoian to My Son with Vietnam Travel.

Tips on Visiting My Son Holy land

Best time to visit My Son?

You can visit My Son Sanctuary in the early morning, right after the gate is opened to avoid the extreme heat here, but please note that there are more and more people coming here for sunrise tours. Another option is to visit the site in the afternoon, around 2 pm, when all the tourists are gone.

• Overview: Straight after the ticket check point you will find a small museum, where you can read some interesting facts about the discovery of My Son and its preservation and look at a few artifacts.
• Weather: My Son is usually in very hot weather, so it’s better to use the free electric shuttle with 10-minute ride to save a ton of energy. The shuttle leaves every 15-25 minutes. It will take you to lush jungles, then drop you off close to the ruins, and from there it’s only a couple of minutes walking.
• Safety: Walk only through the marked paths and don’t detour into the lush forest by yourself, since there is still a de-mining process going on in the area of My Son.
• Show: Traditional Cham dance show takes place in a small performance hall 3 times a day: at 09:30, 10:30 and 2:30. You can enjoy watching the beautiful local dancers moving to the beat of the rhythmic music.

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Northwest Vietnam is famous for its stunning natural landscapes, lush, terraced rice fields, diverse culture of different minority groups, especially unique bustling local markets. For those who love to explore the ethnic culture, learn more about the local daily life and enjoy nature beauty, visiting 8 best local markets around Sapa listed as below is a perfect way to do.

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1. Sapa Market

Sapa market is right in Sapa town, about 1,5km from Stone Church. Opening every day for people to buy and sell products, it is the most popular and touristic market. The most impressive feature of Sapa market is its unique brocade products in vibrant colors, and subtle patterns of the H’Mong, Dao Do, and Giay. On the other hand, such products as fruits, vegetables, and spices are also favorite goods of tourists.

Every Saturday night, Sapa Love Market would be operated, a place for young men and women from other villages come find partners. They show up sentiments and loving gestures through playing leaf-horns, traditional games, singing and dancing basing on special melodies, and if luckily, they might become husband and wife. However, due to the influence of the tourism industry, it is no longer a place to find true love; however, you can find something special here.

Time: Every morning (*Sapa Love market opens on Saturday night only)

2. Coc Ly Market

Coc Ly is a colorful market in a mountainous area where the Nung, Tay, Black Zao and H’mong ethnic minorities frequently gather every Tuesday. Here you will find a variety of goods from local fruits, vegetables, honey and corn wine to colorful fabrics, clothes and embroidered items, horses, cows and buffalos. For ethnic locals, going to market is an interesting activity which is an important chance for them to sell and buy products, to meet friends and exchange information, to date and find partners.

Time: Every Tuesday morning
Distance from Sapa: 80 km

3. Sin Cheng Market

On every Wednesday, Sin Cheng market (100 km from Lao Cai Railways Station, or nearly 40km from Bac Ha Town) offers the opportunity to discover a colorful gathering point of many local minorities such as the Flower H’mong, Tay, Nung and Thu Lao.

This market is not only a place for people trading local products like buffalos, horses, vegetables, herbs, clothes…. but it is also a socialized place for the young people to meet and find partners, for the old to get away from life’s struggles, and for men to enjoy the traditional corn whiskey with their old buddy.

Time: Wednesday morning
Distance from Sapa: 130 km

4. Cao Son Market

Cao Son is a small market of 4 ethnic minorities of Mong, Phu La, Dao and Black Han living in Muong Khuong district. Opened every Wednesday, this colorful market is set among majestic rolling mountains, terraced rice fields and mighty Chay river. Coming here, you will have opportunity to interact with local people, see how they exchange local goods and learn about their cultures. Like other local markets, the main products in Cao son include vegetables, herbs, honey, corn wine, household items, jewelry, brocade fabric, etc.

Time: Wednesday morning
Distance from Sapa: 90 km

5. Lung Khau Nhin Market

Located close to the border with China, about 80km from Sapa, Lung Khau Nhin market is operated every Thursday, starting around 7.30am and closing in the early afternoon. Compared to the other local markets, Lung Khau Nhin is smaller but older. This market is a place for Black Dao, Giay, Tay and Flower H’Mong groups to exchange agricultural products such as corn, rice, soybean, peanut, vegetables, handicrafts and livestocks.

Time: Thursday morning
Distance from Sapa: 80 km

6. Can Cau Market

Can Cau Market is one of the most attractive outdoor markets in Sapa, specializing in cattle trade, or known as the largest buffalo market in the Northwest. This market is only 7km from the Chinese border, so do not be surprised when you see a large number of Chinese traders here. Organized every Saturday, Can Cau attracts many people from several ethnic groups surrounding like Flower H’mong, Black Dao, Red Dao, Tay… come to this market to sell and buy their products from vegetables, honey, rice, herbs, brocade fabrics to several of livestock like pigs, dogs, chickens, horses, etc.

Time: Saturday morning
Distance from Sapa: 120 km

7. Bac Ha Market

Bac Ha Market is typically assumed to be the largest and most famous market in Northwest region. The market takes place every Sunday, from 6.00am to 2.00pm but the best time to visit the market is in the early morning. It is so crowded with several ethnic groups such as Flower Hmong, Black Dao, Nung, Tay, Phu La, Xa Fang… They come from the surrounding hills and valleys and have to walk for some hours to take part in the market. Here you can see the local women in their beautiful handmade traditional clothing and colorful scarves focusing on selling and buying their local products such as fresh fruits, vegetables, brocade, homemade wine, etc.

Time: Sunday morning
Distance from Sapa: 100 km.

8. Muong Hum Market

Muong Hum market is located in a small valley in Bat Xat district, next to lovely stream and surrounded by majestic mountains. Taking place every Sunday morning, this is a place for Hmong, Dao, Ha Nhi and Giay ethnic people to gather, meet, communicate each other and trade local communities in a very traditional and intimate village setting. Muong Hum is not as famous and touristic as Sunday Bac Ha market so it offers you the authenticity and bring you the true experience of mountainous hill tribe cultures.

Time: Sunday morning
Distance from Sapa: 45 km.

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